Eukaryotic cells contain a number of types of cytoplasmic filamentous proteins, microtubule, microfilaments and intermediate-sized filaments (IF). Vimentin, a 57 kD protein that is an intermediate filament is reported to be expressed in most cells of mesenchymal origin, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, smooth muscle, melanocytes as well as T and B lymphocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
V9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 16 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Colella R et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2010;34:10-17
References 2:
Gimelli S et al. Molecular Cancer. 2009;8:52
References 3:
Arnardottir S et al. Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2004;75(6):917-920
References 4:
Vargel I et al. American Journal of Medical Genetics. 2002; 109(1):22-35
References 5:
Osborn M et al. European Journal of Cell Biology. 1984; 34:137-143
The CD45RO molecule, a 180 kD isoform of CD45, is reported to be expressed on 48% of peripheral blood T lymphocytes, 37% of CD4 positive lymphocytes, 80% of thymocytes and on the majority of T cell malignancies. Monocytes and granulocytes show surface expression of the antigen whereas tissue macrophages exhibit cytoplasmic expression.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
UCHL1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hall PA et al. Histopathology. 13: 339346 (1988
References 2:
Terry LA et al.Immunology. 64: 331336 (1988
References 3:
Norton AJ et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 39: 399405 (1986)
S-100A and S-100B proteins are two members of the S-100 family of proteins. S-100A subtypes are composed of one alpha and one beta chain, whereas S-100B is composed of two beta chains. S-100 protein is reported to be expressed in neuroectodermal tissue, including nerves and melanocytes. Langerhans cells in skin are also reported to express S-100 protein. It is noteworthy that S-100 protein is highly soluble and may be eluted from frozen tissue during immunohistochemical procedures. Clone EP32 was raised against S-100 beta protein. Immunoreactivity was observed in neuroectodermal tissue e.g. melanocytes, nerve fibres, dendritic cells, adipocytes and a percentage of macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EP32
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 30 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chen H et al. American Journal of Cancer Research 2014;4(2):89-115
References 2:
Torlakovic EE et al.Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology. 2015; 23(1):1-18
The parathyroid glands are small, oval, endocrine glands closely associated with the thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands regulate serum calcium and phosphate levels via parathyroid hormone (parathormone). Parathyroid hormone raises serum calcium levels directly, by increasing the rate of osteoclastic reabsorption and promoting breakdown of the bone matrix, and indirectly, by increasing the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium ions and inhibiting the reabsorption of phosphate ions from the glomerular filtrate, and finally, by promoting the absorption of calcium from the small intestine. Parathyroid hormone is the most important regulator of blood calcium levels and is essential to life, whereas calcitonin appears only to provide a complementary mechanism for fine adjustment. Chief cells are the most abundant cells in the parathyroid gland and are responsible for the secretion of parathyroid hormone.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
105G7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 12 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Au AYM et al. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2008 359;(11):1184-1186
References 2:
Ikeda K et al. Diagnostic Cytopathology. 2005:34(1):50-55
Polo-Like Kinase-1 (PLK1) also known as Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase 13 is a 66 kDa kinase. The activity of PLK-1 is crucial for mitosis and maintenance of genome stability. PLK-1 localizes to centrosomes and kinetochores where it plays a key role in late prophase and prometaphase. PLK-1 is overexpressed in many types of cancers and mediates estrogen receptor-mediated gene transcription in breast cancer cells. Overexpression of PLK-1 is associated with tumor development, with elevated levels of expression reported in non-small cell lung cancers, head and neck, gastric, breast, ovarian, colon and several other cancer types.
Cyclin-dependent kinases are positive regulators of cell proliferation. p57 protein acts as a tumor suppressor to counter this. It is closely related to other CDKIs such as p21 protein (CIP1) and p27 protein (Kip1) as they share a common structural N-terminal domain for binding to CDK/cyclin complexes and inhibiting their kinase activity. Human p57 protein is found on chromosome 11p15.5, a region which is reported to be a common site for loss of heterozygosity in certain sarcomas, Wilms tumors and tumors associated with the Beckwith-Wiedermann syndrome. There is increasing interest in p57 as a marker in gestational disease. Gestational trophoblastic disease refers to a spectrum of proliferative disorders of the placental trophoblast, with a wide range of histologic appearances and clinical behaviors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
25B2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kanthan R et al.World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2010; 8:10
References 2:
Sharifi N et al.Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association 2009;10:39-42
References 3:
Maggiori MS and Peres LC. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2007; 135: 170-176
The accumulation of p53 protein in response to genotoxic stress in vitro is well established and appears to induce growth arrest and apoptosis by the transcriptional regulation of other genes and possibly by other direct mechanisms.
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
PBS with 1% BSA and sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Botchkarev VA et al. American Journal of Pathology. 158 (6): 19131919 (2001)
References 2:
Midgley CA et al. Journal of Cell Science. 108: 18431848 (1995
Mismatch repair gene MutS Homolog 2 is a ubiquitous gene encoding the mismatch repair protein (MMR) MutS protein homolog 2 (MSH2). MSH2 functions by repairing mutations occurring during DNA replication, in normal proliferating cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
79H11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jensen UB et al. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2009; 120 (3): 777-782
Langerin is a type II transmembrane C-type lectin which has mannose-binding specificity. It is a 40 kD protein restricted to Langerhans cells that is involved in the internalization of cell surface material in these immature dendritic cells. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that are required for initiation of a specific T cell-driven immune response. These cells are found in non-lymphoid tissue as immature cells whose primary function is to capture antigen through specialized surface membrane endocytic structures or through macropinocytosis. The dendritic cells migrate to secondary lymphoid tissue and mature into efficient antigen presenting cells. A part of the maturation process includes the loss of adhesion receptors such as E-cadherin and the disappearance of Birbeck granules.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
12D6
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Yen EH et al. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2010;51(5): 584-592
References 2:
Musso T et al. PLoS ONE 2008; 3(9): e3271.1-10
References 3:
Rezk SA et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 2008;32(12):1868-1876
References 4:
ODonnell RK et al. Cancer Letters 2007;255(1):145-152
The human immunoglobulins consist of two identical heavy chains (~50 kD) and two identical light chains, which are linked together by disulphide bonds. The light chains can be either kappa or lambda. The five immunoglobulins IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM differ in their heavy chains, and IgA and IgM differ as they can occur in polymeric forms. The heavy chain of IgG is named the gamma-chain. In humans, IgG consists of four sub classes that differ only marginally in their amino acid composition. Antibodies to IgG have been reported to be useful in the identification of plasma cells, lymphoid cells containing IgG and classifying B cell derived neoplasms. The normal B cell population is polyclonal, expressing a range of different immunoglobulins. In contrast, the majority of B cell neoplasms are characterized by the proliferation of monoclonal cells expressing one type of light chain, whereas more than one type of heavy chain can be expressed by the same cell.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
RWP49
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 59 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Karamchandani JR et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2012; 137: 699-711
References 2:
Janeway C et al.Chapter 3. Garland Science. New York and London. 2001
References 3:
Fridman W et al. FASEB Journal. 1991; 5: 2684-2690
Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV8), is the proposed etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). It is reported that HHV8 has been demonstrated in KS tissues by immunohistochemistry, in situ PCR and also in situ hybridization. HHV8 encodes a latent nuclear antigen (LNA) which is the product of the viral gene ORF73. LNA is capable of forming a complex with retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product which may be related to its oncogenic activity. HHV8 has been reported to be expressed in multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) and in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathies. The localization of HHV8 in subcapsular spindle cell proliferations, which is where early intranodal KS begins, and endothelial cells in Castleman's disease may explain the link between intranodal KS and MCD. In MCD, HHV8 is reported to be expressed in mantle zone large immunoblastic B cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
13B10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 35 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pereira PF et al. 2013. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 88;2:243- 46.
References 2:
Urquhart JL et al.The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 2006; 28(4): 317-321
References 3:
Cheuk W et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2004; 121(3): 335-342
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein of 52kD reported to be expressed in glial cells, for example, astrocytes and ependymal cells. In the peripheral nervous system, GFAP has been reported to be expressed in Schwann cells, enteric glial cells and satellite cells of human sensory ganglia and in neoplastic tissues GFAP has been reported to be expressed in astrocytomas and ependymomas. When using GFAP-GA5 the heat induced epitope retrieval (HIER) technique may improve staining in some cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
GA5
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 70 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Louis ED et al. Brain 7. 2007; 130:3297-3307
References 2:
Barresi V et al. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory 8. Medicine 2006; 130:1208-1211
References 3:
Biondo B et al. Acta Neuropathologica 2004; 108:309-318
Dystrophin is the 427kD protein product of the DMD gene located on the X chromosome at position Xp21. Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. Lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing 15 mM sodium azide. Reconstitute with the volume of sterile distilled water indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
13H6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Blake DJ et al. Physiological Reviews. 82 (2): 291329 (2002)
The utrophin gene is located on chromosome 6. Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. Amino terminal domain of the human homolog of human dystrophin, utrophin (also known as dystrophin related protein or DRP). Also crossreacts with utrophin in sections of muscle from rat and dog. Other animals species have not been tested.The product 2 is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
In normal tissues cytokeratin 17 is reported to be expressed in basal cells of complex epithelia, for example, basal cells of pseudostratified epithelium in the trachea, larynx, bronchi, myoepithelial cells in salivary glands and sweat glands. In neoplastic tissue, cytokeratin 17 is reported to be expressed in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, cervix and oral cavity. CK17 reacts with the human cytokeratin intermediate filament protein (46 kD) identified as cytokeratin 17.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
E3
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 8 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ansai S et al. Journal of Dermatology. 2011; 38(10):951-958
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), (CD66e) is a heterogeneous cell surface glycoprotein produced by cells of fetal colon. Low levels are also found on normal mucosal epithelia of the adult colon and a variety of other normal tissues. CEA is encoded by the CEA gene, which is located on chromosome 19. It is a member of the CEA gene family, which in turn is a subfamily of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Cell adhesion properties are now well recognized for CEA. It is believed that the expression of this glycoprotein in conjunction with other known adhesion molecules will influence the cell-cell interaction.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
COL-1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chhieng DC et al. Human Pathology. 2003; 34(10): 1016-1021
References 2:
Kass ES et al. Cancer Research. 2002; 62(17): 5049-5057
References 3:
Tendler A et al. Human Pathology. 2000; 31(11): 1357-1362
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),(CD66e) is a heterogeneous cell surface glycoprotein produced by cells of fetal colon. Low levels are also found on normal mucosal epithelia of the adult colon and a variety of other normal tissues. CEA is encoded by the CEA gene, which is located on chromosome 19. It is a member of the CEA gene family, which in turn is a subfamily of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Cell adhesion properties are now well recognized for CEA. It is believed that the expression of this glycoprotein in conjunction with other known adhesion molecules will influence the cell-cell interaction.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
12-140-10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 38 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lee OJ and Lee HC. The Korean Journal of Pathology. 2010; 44: 666-669
References 2:
Chung-Chin Y et al.Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2009;208:3: 405-413
References 3:
Gimelli S et al. Molecular Cancer 2009;8: 52-65
References 4:
Liao CL et al. Journal of Translational Medicine 2009;7:(1): 1-9
References 5:
Raspollini MR et al. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2003;127:1586-1590
The CD79 complex is a disulfide-linked heterodimer which is non-covalently associated with membrane-bound immunoglobulins on B cells. This complex of polypeptides and immunoglobulin constitute the B cell antigen receptor. The two components of this complex are designated CD79a and CD79b. The CD79a antigen is reported to first appear at the pre-B cell stage, early in maturation, and persist until the plasma cell stage where it is found as an intracellular component. It is not present in myeloid or T cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JCB117
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bhargava P et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2007; 128(2): 306-313
References 2:
Torlakovic E et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2002; 26(10): 1343-1350
References 3:
Blakolmer K et al. Modern Pathology. 2000; 13(7): 766-772
References 4:
Pilozzi E et al. The Journal of Pathology. 1998;186(2):140-143
The CD71 molecule is a type II membrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 180 kD. It is known as the transferrin receptor and is composed of two disulfide-bonded 90 kD subunits. The CD71 molecule plays a critical role in cell proliferation by controlling the supply of iron, an essential component for many metabolic pathways, through the binding and endocytosis of transferrin, the major iron-carrying protein. CD71 protein is reported to be expressed on activated B and T cells, macrophages, proliferating cells and metabolically active cells, for example, neurons.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10F11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 42 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dong HY et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2011; 35(5):723-732
CD31 antigen (PECAM-1) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 130 to 140 kD. The CD31 molecule is expressed on the surface of platelets, monocytes, granulocytes, B cells and at the endothelial intracellular junction. The molecule has an extracellular domain that contains six Ig-like homology units of C2 subclass, typical of cell to cell adhesion molecules. This domain mediates endothelial cell to cell adhesion, plays a role in endothelial contact and may serve to stabilize the endothelial cell monolayer. The CD31 molecule also has a cytoplasmic domain with potential sites for phosphorylation after cellular activation. The properties of CD31 antigen suggest that it is involved in interactive events during angiogenesis, thrombosis and wound healing. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JC70A
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 31 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
DeYoung BR et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1995; 22: 215-222
References 2:
Parums DV et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1990; 43: 752-757
References 3:
Fox SB et al. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1997; 89: 1044-1049
References 4:
Engel CJ et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 1996; 20: 1260-1265
References 5:
Giatromanolaki A et al. Journal of Pathology 1996; 179: 80-88
CD15 antigen, also known as X-hapten, is reported to be expressed on 90% of circulating human granulocytes, 30-60% of circulating monocytes and is absent from normal lymphocytes. The CD15 antigen is also expressed on Reed Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease and some leukemias.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
MMA
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mao X et al. Translational Oncology. 2009; 2(4): 247-257
References 2:
Wong A et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2008; 32(8):1265-1268
References 3:
Pellegrini W et al. Haematalogica. 2007; 92(5):708-709
References 4:
Vassallo J et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2006; 30(2):223-229
References 5:
Barry TS et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2003; 27(12):1513-1522
The c-kit proto-oncogene encodes a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity, c-kit (CD117), which is closely-related to the platelet-derived growth factor receptor family. c-kit plays a role during hematopoiesis, gametogenesis and melanogenesis. The expression of CD117 antigen is of particular interest in the study of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), small lung cell carcinomas and in melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EP10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 13 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sawyer EJ et al. Journal of Pathology 2003, 200, 59-64
The c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is closely related in structure to the epidermal growth factor receptor and is a member of a large family of cell surface growth factor receptors. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is reported to be detectable in a proportion of breast and other adenocarcinomas as well as transitional cell carcinomas. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is present in a wide variety of cell types in a range of normal human fetal and adult tissues, including breast, stomach and ovary. CB11 detects the internal domain of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. CBE-356 detects the external domain of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10A7
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
TG14
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
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