The p63 gene is a homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Like p53, p63 contains a transactivation (TA) domain induce the transcription of target genes, a DNA binding domain, and an oligomerization domain (OD), used to form tetramers. In contrast to p53, the p63 gene encodes for at least six major isotypes. Three isotypes (TAp63?, TAp63?, and TAp63?) contain the transactivating (TA) domain and are able to transactivate p53 report genes and induce apoptosis. In contrast, the other three isotypes (?Np63?, ?Np63?, ?Np63?) are transcribed from an internal promoter localized within intron3, lack the TA domain, and act as dominant-negatives to suppress transactivation by both p53 and TAp63 isotypes. p63 is highly expressed in the basal cells of the epithelium significant for proper limb outgrowth and morphogenesis.4 In differentiating tissues, p63 is crucial for maintaining the stem cell identity of the basal cells, and is indispensable for correct development of the skin as well as the limb. p63-deficient mice lack all squamous epithelia and their derivatives, including hair, whiskers, teeth, as well as mammary, lacrimal, and salivary glands.Tissue specificity: Widely expressed, notably in heart, kidney, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus, although the precise isoform varies according to tissue type. Progenitor cell layers of skin, breast, eye and prostate express high levels of DeltaN-type isoforms. Isoform 10 is predominantly expressed in skin squamous cell carcinomas, but not in normal skin tissues
The p63 gene is a homologue of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Like p53, p63 contains a transactivation (TA) domain induce the transcription of target genes, a DNA binding domain, and an oligomerization domain (OD), used to form tetramers. In contrast to p53, the p63 gene encodes for at least six major isotypes. Three isotypes (TAp63?, TAp63?, and TAp63?) contain the transactivating (TA) domain and are able to transactivate p53 report genes and induce apoptosis. In contrast, the other three isotypes (?Np63?, ?Np63?, ?Np63?) are transcribed from an internal promoter localized within intron3, lack the TA domain, and act as dominant-negatives to suppress transactivation by both p53 and TAp63 isotypes. p63 is highly expressed in the basal cells of the epithelium significant for proper limb outgrowth and morphogenesis.4 In differentiating tissues, p63 is crucial for maintaining the stem cell identity of the basal cells, and is indispensable for correct development of the skin as well as the limb. p63-deficient mice lack all squamous epithelia and their derivatives, including hair, whiskers, teeth, as well as mammary, lacrimal, and salivary glands.Tissue specificity: Widely expressed, notably in heart, kidney, placenta, prostate, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus, although the precise isoform varies according to tissue type. Progenitor cell layers of skin, breast, eye and prostate express high levels of DeltaN-type isoforms. Isoform 10 is predominantly expressed in skin squamous cell carcinomas, but not in normal skin tissues
The p53 family of proteins includes three members, p53, p63, and p73. The protein p63 is encoded by TP63 gene, which gives rise to protein isoforms with different properties and functions due to the presence (TAp63) or absence (deltaNp63) of an N-terminal transactivation domain. Immunohistochemistry of p63 has a clinical relevance for certain tumor types, but investigations have been hampered by a lack of well characterized antibodies that are specific for p63, do not cross-react with the related p53 and p73 proteins, and allow for discrimination between p63 isoforms TAp63 and deltaNp63 with opposite functional properties.
Lyn is a Src-family protein tyrosine kinase that is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells. It is associated with a number of cell surface receptors including the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and Fc receptors. Upon their triggering, Lyn phosphorylates subunits of these receptors in a cholesterol-dependent manner, utilizing the plasma membrane lipid raft system. The phosphorylated intracellular domains of the receptors are accessible for cytoplasmic Syk tyrosine kinase, which is activated by Lyn-mediated phosphorylation and which transduces the signal to downstream adaptors. Lyn is abnormally distributed in acute myeloid leukemia cells and seems to be a novel pharmacologic target of this disease.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed recombinant fragment of human Lyn (aa 8 - 238).
Applications:
IP,WB,ICC
Additional Info:
The antibody LYN-01 reacts with Lyn (p56/p53), a non-receptor Src-family tyrosine kinase expressed in hematopoietic tissues (intracellular antigen).
Clone number:
LYN-01
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Western blotting: Recommended dilution: 1-2 ?g/ml.
Ku Antigen (DNA-dependent DNA helicase) is a heterodimer (of 72 and 87 kDa polypeptides) which contributes to genomic integrity through its ability to bind DNA double-strand breaks and facilitate repair by the nonhomologous end-joining pathway. A DNA double-strand break is a major lesion that destroys the integrity of the DNA molecule. Such damage is introduced by ionizing radiation. Ku binds to free double-stranded DNA ends and is the DNA-binding component of the DNA-dependent protein kinase. Thus, the Ku protein is involved in DNA repair and in V(D)J recombination, and the Ku-DNA-dependent protein kinase complex may have a role in those same processes. Ku70 and Ku80 share a common topology and form a dyad-symmetrical molecule with a preformed ring that encircles duplex DNA. The binding site can cradle 2 full turns of DNA while encircling only the central 3-4 base pairs. Ku makes no contacts with DNA bases and few with the sugar-phosphate backbone, but it fits sterically to major and minor groove contours so as to position the DNA helix in a defined path through the protein ring. These features are well designed to structurally support broken DNA ends and to bring the DNA helix into phase across the junction during end processing and ligation. Mouse cells deficient for Ku80 display a marked increase in chromosomal aberrations, including breakage, translocations, and aneuploidy. Despite the observed chromosome instabilities, Ku80 -/- mice have only a slightly earlier onset of cancer. Loss of p53 synergizes with Ku80 to promote tumorigenesis such that all Ku80 -/- and p53 -/- mice succumb to disseminated pro-B-cell lymphoma before 3 months of age. The p70/p80 complex binds to the ends of double-stranded DNA in a cell cycle-dependent manner, being associated with chromosomes of interphase cells, followed by complete dissociation from the condensing chromosomes in early prophase. Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus produce very large amounts of autoantibodies to p70 and p80. The autoantibody has been found in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (Graves disease) as well as in those with lupus.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
human whole T-lymphocytes
Applications:
ICC,IP
Additional Info:
The antibody MEM-54 reacts with Ku80, a 80 kDa subunit of Ku autoantigen (heterodimer of 72 and 87 kDa intracellular polypeptides). Ku autoantigen is involved in DNA repair and in V(D)J recombination through its ability to bind DNA double-strand breaks.
The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a key element of intracellular anticancer protection. It mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or to starvation for pyrimidine nukleotides. It is up-regulated in response to these stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest, or proteins that trigger apoptosis, such as Bcl-2. The structure of p53 comprises N-terminal transactivation domain, central DNA-binding domain, oligomerisation domain, and C-terminal regulatory domain. There are various phosphorylation sites on p53, of which the phosphorylation at Ser15 is important for p53 activation and stabilization.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated phosphopeptide RHKKLMFKTEGPDS[P]D, corresponding to amino acids 378-393 of human p53.
Applications:
WB,IHC
Additional Info:
The mouse monoclonal antibody FP3.2 [FPS392] reacts with human p53 tumour suppressor intracellular protein phosphorylated at CKII site (Ser 392).
Clone number:
FP3.2 [FPS392]
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Application Details:
Immunohistochemistry (paraffin sections): Standard ABC technique (DAB+), pretreatment: high temperature antigen retrieval (microwave, pressure cooker) in 10 mM citrate buffer pH 6.0 or 1 mM EDTA-NaOH buffer pH 8.0, recommended dilution: 10 ?g/ml, incubation: 1 hour at RT; or overnight at 4°C, positive tissue: breast carcinoma with high level of wild-type p53. Western blotting: recommended dilution: 1 ?g/ml.
PPM1D is a Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent protein phosphatase 1D with inducible expression in response to various types of environmental stress. This expression is p53-dependent, and subsequently PPM1D negatively regulates the p53-mediated transcription, thus it suppresses the apoptosis. PPM1D contributes to development of carcinomas, and seems to be a promissing therapeutic target. Amplification of PPM1D is associated with breast cancer.
The p53 family of proteins includes three members, p53, p63, and p73. The protein p63 is encoded by TP63 gene, which gives rise to protein isoforms with different properties and functions due to the presence (TAp63) or absence (deltaNp63) of an N-terminal transactivation domain. Immunohistochemistry of p63 has a clinical relevance for certain tumor types, but investigations have been hampered by a lack of well characterized antibodies that are specific for p63 and do not cross-react with the related p53 and p73 proteins.
The tumour suppressor protein p53 is a key element of intracellular anticancer protection. It mediates cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage or to starvation for pyrimidine nukleotides. It is up-regulated in response to these stress signals and stimulated to activate transcription of specific genes, resulting in expression of p21waf1 and other proteins involved in G1 or G2/M arrest, or proteins that trigger apoptosis, such as Bcl-2. The structure of p53 comprises N-terminal transactivation domain, central DNA-binding domain, oligomerisation domain, and C-terminal regulatory domain. There are various phosphorylation sites on p53, of which the phosphorylation at Ser15 is important for p53 activation and stabilization.
Product Type:
Antibodies Primary
Antibody Type:
monoclonal
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze.
Immunogen:
Bacterially expressed full-length wild-type p53
Applications:
FC,IP,WB,IHC,ICC,ELISA
Additional Info:
The antibody BP53-12 recognizes a defined epitope (aa 16-25) on human p53, a 50 kDa intracellular tumour suppressor found in increased amounts in a wide variety of transformed cells; it is frequently mutated or inactivated in many types of cancer.
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