Akt-1, also referred to as protein kinase B (PKB) or Rac alpha is a member of the Akt serin/threonine protein kinase family. It plays an important role in many biological responses including metabolism, cell survival and growth by phosphorylation and inactivating several targets including GSK 3 beta, caspase 9, BAD and the forkhead transcription factor. Akt-Phos is not recommended for use with PBS, since the use of PBS-based wash buffers and possibly PBS-based antibody diluents gives increased background staining and decreased staining intensity.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LP18
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 300 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Brazil D et al. Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 2004; 29(5):233242
References 2:
Nicholson K et al. Cellular Signalling. 2002; 14:381395
References 3:
Lawlor M et al. Journal of Cell Science. 2001; 114:29032910
Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal antigen of 70 kD found in body fluids, which if detected in high concentrations has clinical implications. AFP is expressed in fetal liver but is not present under normal circumstances in healthy adult tissues. It is reported to be expressed in a proportion of germ cell tumors, with high frequency in yolk sac tumors.Human alpha fetoprotein. Also reacts with pig and dog alpha fetoprotein. Does not react with mouse, rat, cat or cow alpha fetoprotein
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
C3
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 41 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Schmelzer E et al. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 2009; 103(4): 817-827
References 2:
Piper Hanley K et al. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2008; 283(20): 14063-14071
References 3:
Sentani K et al. Modern Pathology. 2008; 21: 464-475
References 4:
Kielman MF et al.Nature Genetics. 2002; 32: 594-605
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), also known as p504s, is a mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism, and is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). Expression is granular and cytoplasmic. AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular carcinoma and kidney carcinoma. Past studies have also shown that AMACR is expressed in various colon carcinomas (well, moderately and poorly differentiated) and over expressed in prostate carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EPMU1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 84 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lloyd M et al.FEBS Journal. 2008: 275;10891102
References 2:
Rubin M et al. J. of the Am. Med.Assoc. 2002: 287(13);16621670
Human alpha-sarcoglycan, also known as adhalin. Also crossreacts strongly with alpha-sarcoglycan in sections of muscle from mouse, rat, rabbit, hamster and pig. Does not react with chicken muscle.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ad1/20A6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003)
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Cytoplasmic actins are part of the microfilament system of cytoskeletal proteins. Smooth muscle actin is found in vascular walls, intestinal muscularis mucosae and muscularis propria and in the stroma of various tissues. Enzyme pretreatment may enhance staining in some cases. Human alpha smooth muscle actin. Reactive with smooth muscle cells in blood vessel walls, gut wall, myometrium and arrectores pili of skin. Myoepithelial cells such as those in breast and salivary gland also contain actin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
alpha sm-1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 4,5 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Skalli O et al. The Journal of Cell Biology. 1986; 103:2787-2796
References 2:
Ramos JG et al. Endocrinology. 2003; 144(7):3206-3215
References 3:
Suárez-Vilela D and Izquierdo-Garcia FM. Histopathology. 2003; 43(4):398-400
References 4:
Vicario JH et al. Rev Fed Arg Cardiol. 2002; 31:441-449
References 5:
Barry-Lane PA et al. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2001; 108(10):1513-1522
Alpha-synuclein is a protein of 140 amino acids and a member of the synuclein family. It shares 61% sequence homology with beta-synuclein and is highly conserved between vertebrate species. It does not possess a signal sequence suggesting that it is an intracellular protein. All synucleins have an unusual organization based around the eleven residue repeating motif and an alpha-helical secondary structure resembling those found in the lipid-binding domain of exchangeable apolipoproteins, including Apo E. This homology suggests a direct interaction of alpha-synuclein with membranes consistent with its affinity for synaptosomes.Clone KM51 is specific for alpha-synuclein and is unreactive with beta-synuclein. Pretreatment of tissue sections with 98-100% formic acid is also recommended.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
KM51
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Baba M et al. American Journal of Pathology. 152 (4): 879884 (1998)
References 2:
Polymeropoulos MH et al. Science. 276: 20452047 (1997)
References 3:
Spillantini MG et al. Nature. 388: 839840 (1997)
References 4:
Weinreb PH et al. Biochemistry. 35 (43): 1370913715 (1996)
Bcl-2 is a member of a family of proteins that are involved in apoptosis. Bcl-2 is an integral inner mitochondrial membrane protein of 25 kD and has a wide tissue distribution. It is considered to act as an inhibitor of apoptosis. For this reason, bcl-2 expression is inhibited in germinal centers where apoptosis forms part of the B cell production pathway.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
bcl-2/100/D5
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 56 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Von Haefen C et al. Oncogene. 2002; 21(25):4009-4019
References 2:
Takes RP et al.Journal of Pathology. 2001; 194:298-302
References 3:
Tweddle DA et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2001; 158(6): 2067-2077
References 4:
Ramani P et al. Journal of Pathology. 1994; 172:273-278
References 5:
Pezzella F et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1990; 137(2):225-232
Bcl-6 is a proto-oncogene that encodes a Kruppel-type zinc-finger protein of 95 kD and shares homology with other transcription factors. Bcl-6 protein is mainly expressed in normal germinal center B cells and related lymphomas. It has been shown that the Bcl-6 proto-oncogene is involved in chromosome rearrangements at 3q27 in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and Bcl-6 rearrangements have also been detected in 33-45% of diffuse large B cell lymphomas. Immunohistochemistry has been reported to show the Bcl-6 gene product to be detectable in follicular lymphomas, diffuse large B cell lymphomas, Burkitt's lymphomas and in nodular, lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease.
The catenins, (alpha, beta and gamma) are cytoplasmic proteins which bind to the highly conserved tail of the E-cadherin molecule. Beta-catenin is a component of the adherens junction, a multiprotein complex which supports Ca2+ -dependent cell-to-cell contact, which in itself is critical for adhesion, signal transmission and for anchoring the actin cytoskeleton. Beta-catenin's role is as a transcription effector of the wnt-signaling pathway. Immunohistochemistry is the best way to demonstrate nuclear expression of beta-catenin and wnt-pathway activation. This aberrant expression is observed in human tumorigenesis, and especially in colorectal cancer.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
17C2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 51 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Curia MC et al. Modern Pathology. 2008; 21:7-14
References 2:
Ortega P et al. Clinical Cancer Research. 2008; 14(14):995-1001
References 3:
Daa T et al. J. of Exp.Clin.Cancer Research. 2005; 24(1):83-87
References 4:
Fadare O et al. World Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2005; 3(38)
References 5:
Gamachi A et al.Modern Pathology. 2003; 16(11):1124-1131
NCL-b-DG is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
43DAG1/8D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 2:
Muschen M et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 3:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
CA125 antigen is usually associated with ovarian epithelial malignancies. Serum assays are widely used to detect this protein in the monitoring of ovarian cancers. CA125 antigen may also be detected by immunohistochemistry and expression has been found in neoplasms such as seminal vesicle carcinoma and anaplastic lymphoma. CA125 antigen is not found exclusively in malignant tumors. CA125 is also known as MUC16.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ov185:1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 12.5 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Purified in PBS, 1% BSA and 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Weng D et al. Int. Journal of Cancer. 2011; 129:1990-2001
References 2:
Gabriel M et al. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch. 2000; 40(3-4):140-144
References 3:
Gabriel M et al. Ginekol Pol. 1999; 70(11):819-823
Clone C241:5:1:4 reacts specifically with Sialyl Lewisa - containing glycolipids, showing no crossreaction with Lewisa, Lewisb, or other structurally related molecules. The epitope recognized by NCL-L-CA19-9 is designated CA19-9
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
C241:5:1:4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Purified in PBS, 1% BSA and 15 mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Johansson C et al. Tumour Biology. 12: 159170 (1991)
References 2:
Kuusela P et al. British Journal of Cancer. 63: 636640 (1991)
References 3:
Haglund C et al. British Journal of Cancer. 60: 845851 (1989)
Calcitonin (CT) is a 32 amino acid peptide synthesized by the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid. It acts through its receptors to inhibit osteoclast mediated bone resorption, decrease calcium resorption by the kidney and decrease calcium absorption by the intestines. The action of calcitonin is therefore to cause a reduction in serum calcium, an effect opposite to that of parathyroid hormone. The calcitonin gene transcript also encodes the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is thought to be a potent vasodilator. The tissue specificity of the transcript produced depends on alternative splicing of the CT/CGRP gene transcript. In the parafollicular cells of the thyroid 95% of the CT/CGRP is processed and translated to produce CT, however, in neuronal cells 99% of the CT/CGRP RNA is translated into CGRP. The C cells of the thyroid give rise to an endocrine tumor, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which occurs in a sporadic (75% of cases) and hereditary form (25% of cases). Familial MTC is associated with C cell hyperplasia (CCH), whereas sporadic MTC is thought not to be. However, in the general population CCH is present in 20-30% of thyroid glands, either with normal histology, thyroiditis or follicular tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CL1948
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 29 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leboulleux S et al.Clinical Endocrinology. 2004; 61:299310
References 2:
Hirsch P et al. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions. 2001; 1(4):299305
References 3:
Pondel M. International Journal of Experimental Pathology. 2000; 81:405422
This antibody reacts with full-size calpain 3 (94 kD) plus an additional breakdown product at 60 kD in human skeletal muscle. The 94 kD band can be seen in muscle extracts from rabbit, mouse, dog, chicken, hamster, pig and rat. Degraded calpain 3 bands starting at approximately 60 kD are also usually present. Additional bands corresponding in size to calpains 1 and/or 2 can be detected in skeletal muscle from mouse, rat, chicken and hamster. Reconstitute with the volume of sterile distilled water indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Calp3c/12A2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Anderson LVB et al. American Journal of Pathology. 153 (4): 11691179 (1998)
References 2:
Topaloglu H et al. Neuropediatrics. 28: 212216 (1997)
This antibody reacts with full-size calpain 3 (94 kD) plus an additional fragment at 30 kD in human skeletal muscle. A band of 94 kD is seen with rabbit and dog muscle while extracts of hamster muscle show reactivity with the 94 kD band and a larger species of approximately 110 kD. This 110 kD band is the principal immunoreactive species seen in rat muscle extracts. This antibody produces no bands with mouse, pig or chicken muscle. Reconstitute with the volume of sterile distilled water indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Calp3d/2C4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Anderson LVB et al. American Journal of Pathology. 153 (4): 11691179 (1998)
References 2:
Topaloglu H et al. Neuropediatrics. 28: 212216 (1997)
Calretinin is a calcium-binding protein of 29 kD that is a member of the family of so-called EF-hand proteins that also includes S-100 proteins. Calretinin is reported to be abundantly expressed in neurons. Outside the nervous system, calretinin is reported to be expressed in a range of cell types including mesothelial cells, steroid producing cells, (for example adrenal cortical cells, Leydig cells, ovarian theca interna cells, Sertoli cells, some neuroendocrine cells, eccrine sweat glands) and other cell types.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CAL6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Groves P et al. Acta Biochimica Polonica 2001, 48(1), 113-119
References 2:
Rogers JH .The Journal of Cell Biology 1987, 105, 1343-1353
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is an enzyme that assists rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. Originally named MN/G250, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a cell surface transmembrane protein, which is predominantly found in the gastrointestinal tract and gallbladder. The glandular regions of normal colon are reported to be negative, but in the case of adenocarcinoma, the glands are positive. CAIX is also reported to be expressed in common epithelial tumors such as carcinomas of the esophagus, lung, colon, kidney, cervix and non-small cell lung carcinoma.In breast carcinomas, CAIX expression has been reported to be associated with malignant tissue. Expression of CAIX is reported to be absent in normal kidney, chromophobe carcinomas or oncocytomas; however, it is specifically expressed in clear cell renal carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
TH22
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 21 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Swietach P et al. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. 2007; 26:299310
References 2:
Potter C and Harris A. Cell Cycle. 2004; 3(2):164167
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), (CD66e) is a heterogeneous cell surface glycoprotein produced by cells of fetal colon. Low levels are also found on normal mucosal epithelia of the adult colon and a variety of other normal tissues. CEA is encoded by the CEA gene, which is located on chromosome 19. It is a member of the CEA gene family, which in turn is a subfamily of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Cell adhesion properties are now well recognized for CEA. It is believed that the expression of this glycoprotein in conjunction with other known adhesion molecules will influence the cell-cell interaction.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
COL-1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Chhieng DC et al. Human Pathology. 2003; 34(10): 1016-1021
References 2:
Kass ES et al. Cancer Research. 2002; 62(17): 5049-5057
References 3:
Tendler A et al. Human Pathology. 2000; 31(11): 1357-1362
aveolin-1 is a major structural component of caveolae, which are vesicular invaginations present on the plasma membrane of different cell types. It plays a regulatory role in several signaling pathways and is reported to be most abundantly expressed in terminally differentiated mesenchymal cells such as smooth muscle cells, adipocytes and endothelial cells. High levels are also reported in fibroblasts where a fine granular membranous and diffuse cytoplasmic staining pattern is described.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4D6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wiechen K et al. American Journal of Pathology. 158 (3): 833839 (2001).
References 2:
Scherer PE et al. PNAS. 93: 131135 (1996)
References 3:
Lisanti MP et al. Journal of Cellular Biology. 126 (1): 111126 (1994).
CD10 antigen, also called neprilysin, is a 100 kD cell surface metalloendopeptidase which inactivates a variety of biologically active peptides. It was initially identified as the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) and was thought to be tumor-specific. Subsequent studies, however, have shown that CD10 antigen is expressed on the surface of a wide variety of normal and neoplastic cells. In other lymphoid malignancies, CD10 antigen is reported to be expressed on cells of lymphoblastic, Burkitt's and follicular lymphomas. CD10 antigen has been identified on the surface of normal early lymphoid progenitor cells, immature B cells within adult bone marrow and germinal center B cells within lymphoid tissue. It is also expressed in various non-lymphoid cells and tissues, such as breast myoepithelial cells, bile canaliculi, fibroblasts, with especially high expression on the brush border of kidney and gut epithelial cells. (G. McIntosh et al. American Journal of Pathology. 154(1): 77-82 (1999)).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
56C6
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Millar EK et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1999 52, 849-850
References 2:
McIntosh GG et al. American Journal of Pathology 1999 154(1), 7782
References 3:
Kaufmann O et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 1999 111(1), 117-122
References 4:
Endoh Y et al. Human Pathology 1999 30(7), 826-832
References 5:
Chu P and Arber DA. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 2000 113(3), 374382
CD11c is a member of the leukocyte integrin family of adhesion proteins. It is reported to be expressed in normal tissues, mainly on myeloid cells, for example, in bone marrow myelocytes, premyelocytes, metamyelocytes, non-segmented and segmented neutrophils with high levels reported on tissue macrophages and monocytes and with lowest levels in granulocytes. It is also reported to be expressed on NK cells, activated T cells, lymphoid cell lines, including hairy cell leukemias and a proportion of interdigitating dendritic cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5D11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 30 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Barth TFE et al. Journal of Pathology. 2007; 211:305-313
References 2:
Venkatraman L et al. Modern Pathology. 2005; 18: 255A-256A 1183 Supplement 1
The CD123 antigen is also known as the alpha subunit of the human interleukin-3 receptor. It is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. CD123 forms a heterodimer with CD131 (the beta subunit of the interleukin-3 receptor) to form the interleukin-3 receptor, where the cytokine specificity is provided by the alpha subunit and the signal transduction function is provided by the beta subunit. The interleukin-3 receptor is reported to be expressed on monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, megakaryocytes, erythroid precursors, mast cells, macrophages and a subpopulation of B cells, where it mediates proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Outside the hematopoietic system CD123 is reported to be expressed in Leydig cells of the testis, some endothelial cells, and cells of the placenta and brain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
BR4MS
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 90 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
GarnacheOttou F et al. British Journal of Haematology. 2007; 136:539548
References 2:
Moretti S et al. J.of Biol.Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 2001; 15:98100
CD13 antigen, also known as aminopeptidase N, is a member of type II integral membrane metalloproteases, which also includes the leukocyte antigens CD10, CD26, CD73 and BP-1. CD13 antigen is a receptor for the coronaviruses which cause respiratory disease in humans and several animal species. The antigen functions as a zinc-binding metalloprotease which plays a role in cell surface antigen presentation by trimming the N-terminal amino acids from MHC class II-bound peptides. CD13 antigen is reported to be expressed on granulocytes, monocytes and their precursors, most acute myeloid leukemias and a smaller proportion of acute lymphoid leukemias. Non-hematopoietic cells which express CD13 antigen include epithelial cells, renal proximal tubules, intestinal brush border, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, brain cells, bone marrow, osteoclasts and cells lining the bile canaliculi.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
38C12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Terauchi M et al.BMC Cancer 2007; 7:140
References 2:
Agis H et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2006; 59 (4):396-402
References 3:
Röcken C et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2005; 58 (10):1069-1075
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