Napsin A has a specific function in normal alveolar epithelium and is proposed to play a role in the proteolytic processing of surfactant precursors. Napsin A is reported to be predominantly expressed in lamellar bodies of type II pneumocytes, secondary lysosomes of alveolar macrophages, respiratory epithelium of terminal and respiratory bronchioles, plasma cells, within a subset of lymphocytes in normal lung, as well as in epithelial cells of renal tubules in normal kidney and is weakly expressed in normal spleen. Studies have reported that Napsin A is expressed in 90% of primary lung adenocarcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
IP64
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 8.3 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Yamashita Y et al. Modern Pathology. 2015; 28: 111-11
References 2:
Kandalaft PL et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2014; 142: 830-836
Neurofilaments constitute the main structural elements of neuronal axons and dendrites. Neurofilaments are composed of three major subunits referred to as the neurofilament triplet, with molecular weights of 68 kD, 160kD and 200 kD. Within tumors, only neoplastic cells of neural origin or those exhibiting neuronal differentiation, have been reported to express neurofilaments. NF-H (200 kD) polypeptide of human neurofilament. This antibody reacts with both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms of NF-H.
Oct-3/4 is a member of the POU homeodomain family of transcription factors, which is expressed by embryonic stem cells and germ cells. A critical amount of Oct-3/4 is required to maintain stem cell self replication. Down regulation of Oct-3/4 levels are associated with loss of pluripotency. Oct-3/4 has been proposed as a useful marker for germ cell tumors which exhibit features of pluripotentiality, including seminoma/dysgerminoma/germinoma and embryonal carcinoma, and establishing a germ cell origin for some metastatic tumors of uncertain primary origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
N1NK
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 69 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Del Sordo R et al. Histology and histopathology. 2014; 29(1):101-106
References 2:
Miettinen M et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2014; 38(3):410-420
References 3:
Paine SML et al. Neuropathology and applied neurobiology. 2014; 40:544-550
References 4:
Antic T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2011; 136:872-880
This monoclonal antibody recognizes both wild type and mutant forms of human p53 protein under denaturing and non-denaturing conditions. The epitope recognized by clone DO-7 can be destroyed by prolonged fixation in buffered formalin. The heat induced epitope retrieval technique may improve staining in some cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
DO-7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 22 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tiniakos DG et al. Cytopathology. 1996; 7(3): 178186
References 2:
Yoshida T et al. Journal of Pathology. 2003; 199(2):166175
References 3:
Burns ASYW et al. British Journal of Cancer. 2002; 86(7):11171123
References 4:
Tweddle DA et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2001; 158(6): 20672077
References 5:
Fernando SS et al. International Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2000; 8(3):213222
Cyclin-dependent kinases are positive regulators of cell proliferation. p57 protein acts as a tumor suppressor to counter this. It is closely related to other CDKIs such as p21 protein (CIP1) and p27 protein (Kip1) as they share a common structural N-terminal domain for binding to CDK/cyclin complexes and inhibiting their kinase activity. Human p57 protein is found on chromosome 11p15.5, a region which is reported to be a common site for loss of heterozygosity in certain sarcomas, Wilms tumors and tumors associated with the Beckwith-Wiedermann syndrome. There is increasing interest in p57 as a marker in gestational disease. Gestational trophoblastic disease refers to a spectrum of proliferative disorders of the placental trophoblast, with a wide range of histologic appearances and clinical behaviors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
25B2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kanthan R et al.World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2010; 8:10
References 2:
Sharifi N et al.Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association 2009;10:39-42
References 3:
Maggiori MS and Peres LC. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2007; 135: 170-176
p63 is a type II integral membrane protein predominantly localized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. p63 is reported to be expressed in a number of normal tissues including proliferating cells of the epithelium, cervix, urothelium and prostate. p63 is also reported to be expressed in most poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
7JUL
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 208 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mahalingam M et al. Modern Pathology. 2010; 23:713-719
References 2:
Shah VI et al. Histopathology. 2006; 48:683-691
References 3:
Yen CC et al. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2005; 11(9):1267-1272
References 4:
Bilal H et al. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 2003; 51(2):133-139
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to a region which spans the tyrosine kinase catalytic domain and part of the C-terminus of the NPM-ALK transcript (419-520??).
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is usually composed of large pleomorphic cells which are reported to express CD30 antigen and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). These tumor cells tend to occur in younger individuals and may be associated with cutaneous and extranodal involvement. A proportion of these cases contain a chromosomal translocation t(2;5) (p23;q35). This results in a hybrid gene encoding part of the nucleophosmin (NPM) gene joined to the cytoplasmic domain of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene, giving rise to the protein, p80. Large cell lymphomas account for approximately 25% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in children and young adults, of which one third carry the NPM-ALK gene translocation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5A4
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 32 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Liu A et al. Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica. 2004; 37(1):21-30
The parathyroid glands are small, oval, endocrine glands closely associated with the thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands regulate serum calcium and phosphate levels via parathyroid hormone (parathormone). Parathyroid hormone raises serum calcium levels directly, by increasing the rate of osteoclastic reabsorption and promoting breakdown of the bone matrix, and indirectly, by increasing the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium ions and inhibiting the reabsorption of phosphate ions from the glomerular filtrate, and finally, by promoting the absorption of calcium from the small intestine. Parathyroid hormone is the most important regulator of blood calcium levels and is essential to life, whereas calcitonin appears only to provide a complementary mechanism for fine adjustment. Chief cells are the most abundant cells in the parathyroid gland and are responsible for the secretion of parathyroid hormone.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
105G7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 12 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Au AYM et al. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2008 359;(11):1184-1186
References 2:
Ikeda K et al. Diagnostic Cytopathology. 2005:34(1):50-55
Pax genes are a family of developmental control genes that encode nuclear transcription factors and have been implicated in the control of mammalian development. Pax-5 is a B cell specific transcription factor that is expressed in pro B cells, pre-B and mature B cells, and subsequently in all stages of B cell development until the plasma cell stage in which it is downregulated.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
1EW
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 29 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hansson M et al. European Journal of Haematology. 2007; 79:159-165
Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is a membrane-associated sialoglycoprotein enzyme normally present at high concentration in syncytiotrophoblasts within the placenta during the third trimester of gestation. The expression of PLAP was originally thought to be restricted to term placenta but a human PLAP-like variant has been described which shares more than 85% homology with PLAP itself. This high degree of homology between PLAP and PLAP-like enzyme together with cross-reacting antibodies has led to some confusion of the distribution of PLAP and PLAP-like enzyme in various tissues. PLAP is reported to be expressed only in normal term placenta, endocervix and fallopian tube and also in ovarian and proximal gastrointestinal tumors. PLAP expression is rare in malignant germ cell tumors. PLAP-like enzyme is reported to be predominantly found in normal fetal and neonatal testis, and in thymus. It is also commonly expressed in germ cell tumors and more recently described in seminomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
8A9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 26 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bartkova J et al. Oncogene. 2000; 19: 4146-4150
References 2:
Franke FE et al. Human Pathology 2000; 31(12), 14661476
References 3:
Hoei-Hansen CE et al. Molecular Cancer. 2007; 6:12
References 4:
McCann-Crosby B et al. International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 2015; 1:14
Polo-Like Kinase-1 (PLK1) also known as Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase 13 is a 66 kDa kinase. The activity of PLK-1 is crucial for mitosis and maintenance of genome stability. PLK-1 localizes to centrosomes and kinetochores where it plays a key role in late prophase and prometaphase. PLK-1 is overexpressed in many types of cancers and mediates estrogen receptor-mediated gene transcription in breast cancer cells. Overexpression of PLK-1 is associated with tumor development, with elevated levels of expression reported in non-small cell lung cancers, head and neck, gastric, breast, ovarian, colon and several other cancer types.
Mouse anti-Progesterone Receptor (A/B Forms), clone16 and SAN27
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
human
Immunogen:
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to the N-terminal region of the A form of the human progesterone receptor generating clone 16 and a prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to the 164 amino acid N-terminal region unique to the B form of the progesterone receptor generating clone SAN27.
The human progesterone receptor (PR) is expressed as two isoforms, PRA (94 kD) and PRB (114 kD), which function as ligand-activated transcription factors. In vitro studies have indicated that PRA and PRB can activate different target genes and that PRA, in some circumstances, may act as a dominant inhibitor of the function of PRB and other steroid hormone receptors. PRA and PRB are both expressed in normal breast. Most endometrial carcinomas, however, are reported to express only one isoform with either PRA or PRB being expressed. The cocktail has been formulated using two clones, clone 16, specific for PRA, and SAN27, specific for PRB.
The human progesterone receptor (PR) is expressed as two isoforms, PRA (94 kD) and PRB (114 kD), which function as ligand-activated transcription factors. These two isoforms are transcribed from distinct estrogen receptor (ER)-inducible promoters within a single copy PR gene. Clone 16 is specific for a region of the N-terminus of the A form of PR. The precise epitope has not been mapped but it reacts with both A and B forms of PR by Western blot but only with the A form by immunohistochemistry. This suggests that the epitope is inaccessible in the native folded B form of the protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
16
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 324 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hungermann D et al. Journal of Pathology 2002; 198: 487494
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a 34 kD protein belonging to the kallikrein family of serine proteases and was originally isolated and purified from human seminal plasma. It was found to be immunologically identical and biologically similar to a protein isolated from the prostate gland. PSA is distinct from prostatic acid phosphatase. Low levels of expression of PSA have been reported in non-prostatic tissues and tumors such as breast carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
35H9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 43 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Watt KWK et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1986; 83:3166-3170
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is an isoenzyme of acid phosphatase found in large amounts in the prostate and seminal fluid. The precise function of PAP is unknown, but it may act as a hydrolase to split phosphoryl choline in semen and also function as a transferase. Elevated serum levels of the enzyme are reported in metastatic prostatic carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PASE/4LJ
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Haines AMR et al. British Journal of Cancer. 60: 887892 (1989)
References 2:
Haines AMR et al. Biochemical Society Transactions. 15: 11791180 (1987)
Protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 is a neuron-specific protein, structurally and immunologically distinct from neuron specific enolase. The protein which has a molecular weight of 27 kD was first identified by high resolution two dimensional PAGE. PGP9.5 expression has been reported in neurons and nerve fibers at all levels of the central and peripheral nervous system, in many neuroendocrine cells, in segments of the renal tubules, in spermatogonia and Leydig cells of the testis, in ova and in some cells of both the pregnant and non-pregnant corpus luteum. PGP9.5 is a member of the ubiquitin C-terminal hydroxylase family and is also concentrated within inclusion bodies suggesting that such structures may be metabolically active regions of the cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10A1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 35 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beresford L et al. Immunology. 2004; 111(1):118125
Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a rare tumor of the retina associated with mutations of chromosome 13. The nuclear phosphoprotein encoded by the Rb tumor suppressor gene is present in many cells and may indirectly regulate cell growth by activating the transcription factor ATF-2. Activation of ATF-2 initiates expression of TGF-beta2, which in turn inhibits transcription of genes affecting cell growth. Bilateral mutation of the Rb gene may potentially play a role in the development of a number of malignant tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
13A10
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jares P et al. Journal of Pathology. 182: 160-166 (1997)
References 2:
Karpeh MS et al. British Journal of Cancer. 72: 986-991 (1995)
References 3:
Stefanini M et al. Nature. 216: 173-174 (1967)
References 4:
Bartek J et al. Oncogene. 7: 101-108 (1992)
References 5:
Sanders BM et al. British Journal of Cancer. 60: 358-365 (1989)
Analyte Specific Reagent. Analytical and performance characteristics are not established. The product is a lyophilized tissue culture supernatant containing sodium azide as a preservative. The user is required to reconstitute the contents of the vial with the correct volume of sterile distilled water as indicated on the vial label.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
RBC2/3D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Lyophilized
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Marafioti T et al. American Journal of Pathology. 162 (3): 861871 (2003
References 2:
Hess J et al. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (5): 15311539 (2001)
References 3:
Re D et al. Cancer Research. 61 (5): 20802084 (2001)
References 4:
Luo Y and Roeder R G. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 15 (8): 41154124 (1995)
Synaptophysin is an integral membrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 38 kD. It is reported to occur in presynaptic vesicles of neurons in brain, spinal cord, retina, in similar vesicles of the adrenal medulla as well as in neuromuscular junctions. Synaptophysin may be involved in synaptic vesicle formation and exocytosis. Synaptophysin is reported to be expressed in a wide spectrum of neuroendocrine tumors including neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, phaeochromocytomas, chromaffin and non-chromaffin paragangliomas. Synaptophysin is also reported to be expressed in neuroendocrine tumors of epithelial type including pituitary adenomas, islet cell tumors, medullary carcinomas of thyroid, parathyroid adenomas, carcinoids of the bronchopulmonary and gastrointestinal tracts, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the bronchopulmonary and gastrointestinal tract and neuronendocrine carcinomas of the skin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
27G12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 42 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Takeda S et al. Neuropathology. 2003; 23(4):254261
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a DNA polymerase of 58 kD located in the cell nucleus which catalyzes the polymerization of deoxynucleotides at the 3' hydroxyl ends of oligo or polydeoxynucleotide initiators and functions without a template. TdT is reported to be expressed in primitive T and B lymphocytes of the normal thymus and bone marrow. The identification of TdT-positive cell populations in primary and secondary lymphoid organs during maturation of the immune system is one area of interest but it is the reported occurrence of high levels of enzyme activity in white blood cells and bone marrow in certain leukemias which is of particular interest.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SEN28
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 30 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tai YC and Peh SC. FSingapore Medical Journal. 2003; 44(5):250-255
Thyroglobulin is a heavily glycosylated protein of 670kD composed of two identical subunits and is synthesized by the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid. Thyroglobulin provides iodination sites for the formation of the thyroid hormones.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
1D4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Male DK et al. Immunology. 54: 419427 (1985)
References 2:
Shepherd PS et al. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 10: 291295 (1985)
References 3:
Chan CTJ et al. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 70: 516523 (1987)
Thyroid peroxidase gene expression is under the regulation of thyroid stimulating hormone. In normal thyroid, expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) described immunohistochemically is reported to produce a diffuse, fine, granular cytoplasmic stain in all follicular cells. Some studies have shown qualitative, as well as quantitative differences in thyroid peroxidase expression in thyroid cancer compared to normal tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AC25
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 10.8 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kimura S et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 84: 5555-5559 (1987)
References 2:
De Micco C et al. Cancer 67(12): 30363041 (1991)
References 3:
Czarnocka B et al. Breast Journal Cancer 85(6): 875880 (2001)
References 4:
Tanaka T et al. Journal of Pathology 179: 8994 (1996)
Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) is a member of the homeodomain transcription factor family and plays a role in regulating genes expressed within the thyroid, lung and brain. These include thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, Clara cell secretory protein and surfactant proteins. Human TTF-1 (38 kD) is a single polypeptide of 371 amino acids sharing 98% homology with the equivalent rat and mouse proteins. TTF-1 functions by binding to specific recognition sites in a manner that may be regulated by both the redox and phosphorylation status of the protein. In addition to its role as a tissue-specific transcriptional activator in adult organs, TTF-1 may also function in organogenesis. Gene targeting studies have shown TTF-1 to be essential for the proper development of the thyroid and lungs and abnormal expression may underline a number of congenital abnormalities.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SPT24
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 108 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Unal B et al. Turkish Journal of Pathology. 2014; 30(3): 201-205
References 2:
Klingen TA et al. Diagnostic Pathology. 2013; 8: 80-86
References 3:
Berghmans T et al. Lung Cancer. 2006; 52(2): 219-224
References 4:
Penman D et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2006; 59:663-664.
References 5:
Comperat E et al. Modern Pathology. 2005; 18(10):1371-1376
The biosynthesis of melanin in melanocytes involves a family of enzymes, a key member of which is tyrosinase. Tyrosinase deficiency is associated with various forms of albinism and in particular oculocutaneous albinism. L-tyrosinase is the initial substrate for melanin biosynthesis and its conversion to dopaquinone is catalyzed by tyrosinase, whose expression is reported in melanocytes and melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
T311
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 89 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Shidham VB et al. BMC Cancer. 2003; 3(1):15
References 2:
Lohmann CM et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2002; 26(10):13511357
References 3:
Clarkson KS et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54(3):196200
References 4:
de Vries TJ et al. Journal of Pathology. 2001; 193(1):1320
References 5:
Jungbluth AA et al. Pathol Res Pract. 2000; 196(4):235242
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