S-100 protein has been found in normal melanocytes, Langerhans cells, histiocytes, chondrocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, Schwann cells, epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the breast, salivary and sweat glands, as well as in glial cells.1,2,6 Neoplasms derived from these cells also express S-100 protein, albeit non-uniformly.1-4 A large number of well differentiated tumors of the salivary gland, adipose and cartilaginous tissue, 3 and Schwann cell-derived tumors express S-100 protein. Almost all malignant melanomas and cases of histiocytosis X are positive for S-100 protein.4,5 Despite the fact that S-100 protein is an ubiquitous substance, its demonstration is of great value in the identification of several neoplasms, particularly melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
4C4.9
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nakajima T, et al. Ad J Surg Path. 1982; 6:715-727
References 2:
Kuhn HJ, et al. Am J Clin Path. 1983; 79:341-347
References 3:
Yaziji H, et al. Int J Surg Pathol. 2003; 11:11-5
References 4:
Patel P, et al. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002; 46:264-70
References 5:
Morrison CD, et al. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2000; 17:204-15
Smoothelin is a constituent of the smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton protein exclusively found in differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMC). Cells with SMC-like characteristics, such as myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells, as well as skeletal and cardiac muscle do not contain smoothelin.1,2 To distinguish bladder muscularis mucosae (MM) from muscularis propria (MP) muscle bundles is crucial for accurate staging of bladder carcinoma. Strong smoothelin expression is nearly exclusively observed in muscularis propria. Therefore, the staining pattern of MP (strongly positive) and MM (negative or weakly positive) makes this technique an attractive diagnostic tool for the sometimes difficult task of staging bladder urothelial carcinoma, such as in transurethral resection specimens of urinary bladder tumors.3-5 Differentiating between smooth muscle tumors and other mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract can be challenging in small biopsies. Anti-smoothelin immunostaining can be helpful in differentiating benign (+) from malignant smooth muscle tumors (-), and other mimics(-).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
R4A
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
van der Loop FT, et al. J Cell Biol. 1996; 134:401-11
References 2:
Maake C, et al. J Urol. 2006; 175:1152-7
References 3:
Paner GP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34:792-9
References 4:
Council L, et al. Mod Pathol. 2009; 22:639-50
References 5:
Coco DP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009; 33:1795-801
Smooth Muscle Myosin, heavy chain (SMMS-1) is a cytoplasmic structural protein that is a major component of the contractile apparatus of the smooth muscle cells. SMMS-1 is also a myoepitheliumassociated protein. Anti-SMMS-1 is a mouse monoclonal antibody to smooth muscle myosin, heavy chain that reacts with human visceral and vascular smooth muscle cells. The antibody also reacts with human myoepithelial cells. It is very helpful in distinguishing between benign sclerosing breast lesions and infiltrating carcinomas in difficult cases since it strongly stains the myoepithelial layer in the benign lesions while it is negative in the infiltrating carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
SMMS-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Werling RW, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27:82-90
References 2:
Agoff SN, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2001; 9:164-9
References 3:
Popnikolov NK, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003; 120:161-7
References 4:
Lazard D, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993; 90:999-1003
SOX-11 which is a member of the SOX (SRY-related HMG-box) family is a transcription factor normally expressed in the developing human central nervous system and plays a role in embryonic cell determination. Studies show that SOX-11 can be used as a marker for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) accounts for 5% to 10% of mature B-cell neoplasms and is an aggressive disease genetically characterized by overexpression of cyclin D1 (CCND1), an important regulator of the G1/S phase of the cell cycle, due to the specific translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
MRQ-58
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein which is found in muscles, red blood cells and red cell precursors. Anti-Spectrin antibody is useful in the identification of blood dyscrasias and muscle disorders.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
RBC2/3D5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sadahira, Y et al. J Clin Pathol. 1999 Dec; 52(12): 919-21
References 2:
Nehls, V et al. Am J Pathol. 1993 May; 142(5): 1565-73
References 3:
Muller M et al. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2001 Feb;48(1):51-7
References 4:
Terada N et al. J Anat. 1997 Apr;190(Pt 3):397-404
SV40, Simian Virus 40 is a polyomavirus that is found in both monkeys and humans. Like other polyomaviruses, SV40 is a DNA virus that has the potential to cause tumors. SV40 is believed to suppress the transcriptional properties of tumor-suppressing p53 in humans through the SV40 large T-antigen and SV40 small T-antigen. It is generally assumed that large T-antigen is the major protein involved in neoplastic processes and the large T-antigen predominantly exerts its effect through deregulation of tumor suppressor p53, which is responsible for initiating regulated cell death (apoptosis), or cell cycle arrest when a cell is damaged. A mutated p53 gene may contribute to uncontrolled cellular proliferation, leading to a tumor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
MRQ-4
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gurney, E.G., et al. J Virl. 34:752-763 (1980)
References 2:
Huang, H., Reis,R. et al. Brain Pathol., 9:33-42 (1999)
References 3:
Arrington, A.S., et al. Molecular and Clinical Perspectives; 461-489 (2001)
Tumor associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 is a high molecular weight glycoprotein that is present on the surface of many neoplastic cells, including adenocarcinomas of the breast, colon, and lung. TAG-72 is found in lung adenocarcinoma and is absent in mesothelioma, making the TAG-72 antibody useful in distinguishing adenocarcinoma from mesothelioma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
B72.3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Thor, A, et al. Cancer Res 1986;46:3118
References 2:
Schlom J, et al. Tumormarker Oncology;1987;2:3
References 3:
Osteen KG et al. In J Gynecol Pathol. 1992 Jul;11(3):216-20
References 4:
Ordonez NG. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998 Oct;22(10):1203-14
References 5:
Chhieng DC et al. Hum Pathol. 2003 Oct;34(10):1016-21
Thrombomodulin is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of 575 amino acids (molecular weight 75 kD) with natural anticoagulant properties. It is normally expressed by a restricted number of cells, such as endothelial and mesothelial cells. In addition, synovial lining and syncytiotrophoblasts of human placenta also express thrombomodulin. Antithrombomodulin has demonstrated positivity in benign vascular tumors such as hemangioma and most malignant vascular tumors (Kaposis sarcoma and epitheliod hemangioendothelioma). Hence, anti-thrombomodulin serves as a sensitive marker for lymphatic endothelial cells and their tumors. There has also been recent interest in the use of antithrombomodulin as an immunohiostochemical marker for mesothelial cells and malignant mesotheliomas. Anti-thrombomodulin is immunoexpressed in a variety of other tumors including urothelial cell carcinomas
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
1009
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Acebo E, et al. Histol. Histopath. 2001; 16:1031-6
References 2:
Appleton MA, et al. Histopathology. 1996; 29:153-7
References 3:
Attanoos RL, et al. Histopathology. 1996; 29:209-15
References 4:
Attanoos RL, et al. Histopathology. 2001; 39:584-8
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the precursor of the iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Tg is a high molecular weight glycoprotein found in normal thyroid follicular cells. Thyroglobulin is useful for identifying thyroid carcinoma of papillary and follicular types and for identifying tumors of thyroid origin when working with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
2H11+6E1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sellitti DF and Suzuki K. Thyroid. 2014; 24:625-38
References 2:
Bellet D, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 56:530-3
References 3:
Bejarano PA, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000; 8:189-94
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the precursor of the iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Tg is a high molecular weight glycoprotein found in normal thyroid follicular cells. Thyroglobulin is useful for identifying thyroid carcinoma of papillary and follicular types and for identifying tumors of thyroid origin when working with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
MRQ-41
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sellitti DF and Suzuki K. Thyroid. 2014; 24:625-38
References 2:
Bellet D, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983; 56:530-3
References 3:
Bejarano PA, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000; 8:189-94
Tryptases compose a subfamily of proteinases with trypsin-like activity that are mostly stored in mast cell secretory granules and released into the extracellular environment upon mast cell activation. Several biological functions for tryptases have been proposed, including involvement in inflammatory and allergic responses.1 Mature mast cells have a complex distribution throughout the body. Antitryptase is a useful marker for mast cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
G3
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jordan JH et al. Hum Pathol. 2001 May;32(5):545-52
References 2:
Gordon LK et al. Clin Immunol. 2000 Jan;94(1):42-50
References 3:
Ghott A et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Jul;27(7):1013-9
References 4:
Aoki M et al. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2003 Mar;130(3):216-23
References 5:
Fiorucci L, et al. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2004 Jun;61(11):1278-95
Anti-TTF-1 (Thyroid Transcription Factor 1) is useful in differentiating primary adenocarcinoma of the lung from metastatic carcinomas originating in the organs rather than thyroid, germ cell tumors, and malignant mesothelioma. It can also be used to differentiate small cell lung carcinoma from lymphoid infiltrates. TTF-1 labeling is also seen in thyroid and thyroid-derived tumors. TTF-1 immunostaining is useful in the differentiation between pulmonary and nonpulmonary origin of adenocarcinomas in malignant effusions. TTF-1 staining is very reliable in discerning whether a brain metastasis has arisen from a pulmonary or nonpulmonary site, particularly when dealing with adenocarcinomas and largecell carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
8G7G3/1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bejarano PA, et al. Mod Pathol. 1996; 9:445-52
References 2:
Di Loreto C, et al. Cancer Lett. 1998; 124:73-8
References 3:
Abutaily AS, et al. J Clin Pathol. 2002; 55:662-8
References 4:
Jang KY, et al. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 2001; 23:400-4
Tyrosinase is an enzyme, amongst a family of enzymes, which is involved in the biosynthesis of melanin. It is a highly specific and sensitive marker for melanocytic differentiation, and has been found to be quite specific for melanotic lesions such as malignant melanoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
T311
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kaufmann O, et al. Mod Pathol 1998 Aug; 11(8):740-6
References 2:
Meije CB; et al. J Pathol 2000 Apr; 190(5):572-8
References 3:
Kanitakis J et al. Am J Dermatopathol. 2002 Dec;24(6):498-501
References 4:
Eudy GE et al. Hum Pathol. 2003 Aug;34(8):797-802
References 5:
Jaanson N et al. Melanoma Res. 2003 Oct;13(5):473-82
Uroplakins (UPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins (UPs Ia, Ib, II and III) that are specific differentiation products of urothelial cells. In non-neoplastic mammalian urothelium, UPs are expressed in the luminal surface plasmalemma of superficial (umbrella) cells, forming complexes of 16nm crystalline particles. UPIII is specific for tumors of urothelial origin and, when used in combination with other markers, can aid in the diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
AU-1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Moll R, et al. Am J Pathol. 1995; 147:1383-97
References 2:
Olsburgh J, et al. J Pathol. 2003; 199:41-9
References 3:
Parker DC, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003; 27:1-10
References 4:
Ohtsuka Y, et al. BJU Int. 2006; 97:1322-6
References 5:
Logani S, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Nov;27(11):1434-41
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), a member of the human herpes virus family, causes two distinct clinical manifestations: chickenpox and shingles. Primary VZV infection results in chickenpox (varicella), which may rarely result in complications including encephalitis or pneumonia. Even when clinical symptoms of chickenpox have resolved, VZV remains dormant in the nervous system of the infected person (virus latency), in the trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia. In about 10-20% of cases, VZV reactivates later in life producing a disease known as herpes zoster or shingles. Serious complications of shingles include postherpetic neuralgia, zoster multiplex, myelitis, herpes ophthalmicus, or zoster sine herpete. VZV is closely related to the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Affected skin shares so many histological similarities that distinguishing between them may be difficult. Immunohistochemistry with anti-VZV appears quite sensitive and specific on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in the distinction between HSV and VZV.
Antibody Isotype:
N/A
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
SG1-1, SG1-SG4, NCP-1 & IE-62 (7 clone cocktail)
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kleinschmidt D, et al. J Neurol Sci. 1998 Aug 14; 159(2):213-8
References 2:
Kaye SB, et al. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000 Jun;84(6):563-71
References 3:
A.F. Nikkels, et al. Virchows Archiv A pathol Anat. 1993; 422:121-126
Villin is an actin-binding glycoprotein that serves an important role in the maintenance of the microvilli brush border in gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal epithelium and its associated tumors. Recent immunohistochemical studies with villin have shown that villin is not only expressed in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, but also in renal cell carcinomas, pancreatic carcinomas, endometrial carcinomas, as well as carcinomas of the ovary and lungs. In addition, positive villin expression may be seen in neuroendocrine/carcinoid tumors of the GI tract and lungs.
Antibody Isotype:
N/A
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
CWWB1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Robert W. Werling et al. Am J Surg. Path.2003; 27(3):303-310
References 2:
Tamboli P. et al Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:1057-1063
References 3:
Zhang P. J. et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1999;123:812-816
References 4:
Nishizuka S et al. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5243-50
Vimentin is a 57kD, class-III, intermediate filament found in a variety of mesenchymal cells, including melanocytes, lymphocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Non-reactivity of anti-vimentin is often considered more useful than its positive reactivity, since there are a few tumors that do not contain vimentin. The anti-vimentin immunohistochemical reagent is also useful as a tissue process control reagent.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
V9
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ishii Y, et al. Clin Exp Immunol. 1984; 58:183-92
References 2:
Battifora H. Am J Clin Pathol. 1991; 96:669-71
References 3:
Takeyoshi I, et al. Hepatogastroenterology. 2000; 47:1611-4
References 4:
Yaziji H, et al. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2001; 20:64-78
Wilms tumor 1 protein (WT1) is a zinc finger transcription factor, normally expressed in tissues of mesodermal origin. The Wilms tumor gene encodes a protein that functions as a tumor suppressor gene. WT1 is detected in tumor cells of Wilms Tumor (also known as nephroblastoma) and mesothelioma. Additionally, WT1 expression has been found in ovarian serous carcinomas and some breast carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1-k
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
6F-H2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Charles AK; Moore IE; Berry PJ. Histopathology ; 30(4):312-4 (1997)
References 2:
Ordonez NG. Am J Surg Pathol 24(4):598-606, (2000)
References 3:
Foster MR, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med; 125:1316-20 (2001)
References 4:
Nakatsuka S, et al. Mod Pathol; 19:804-14 (2006)
References 5:
May RJ, et al. Clin Cancer Res.; 13: 4547-55 (2007)
Mammaglobin is breast-associated glycoprotein distantly related to secretoglobin family that includes human uteroglobin and lipophilin. Anti-mammaglobin labels cytoplasm of normal breast epithelial cells as well as primary and metastatic breast carcinomas. Absence of mammaglobin expression is typically seen in prostate, kidney, colon, rectum, small intestine, stomach, pancreas, lung and thyroid tissue.2,5 Mammaglobin may be used as part of an immunohistochemical panel for determination of metastatic breast carcinoma and tumor of unknown primary origin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
304-1A5/31A5
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fleming TP et al. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000;923:78-89
References 2:
Bhargava R, et al. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007; 127:103-13
References 3:
Wang Z, et al. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2009; 2:384-9
References 4:
Han JH, et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003; 127:1330-4
PAX-8 is a transcription factor expressed during embryonic development of Müllerian organs, kidney, and thyroid, with continued expression in some epithelial cell types of these mature tissues.1 It can be useful for marking several types of carcinoma including ovarian serous carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and papillary thyroid carcinoma.1-5 Additionally, PAX-8 is not found in the epithelial cells of the breast, lung, mesothelium, stomach, colon, pancreas and other sites.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
MRQ-50
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ozcan A, et al. Mod Pathol. 2011; 24:751-64
References 2:
Laury AR, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011; 35:816-26
References 3:
Nonaka, D et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008; 32:1566-71
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a fetal tumor-associated polypeptide of the albuminoid gene family that binds and transports molecules in addition to many other proposed functions. This secretory protein is synthesized primarily in the fetal liver whereas expression is repressed in adult liver.Anti-AFP has been immunohistochemically demonstrated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and shows no immunoreactivity in normal liver.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mizejewski GJ et al. Exp Biol Med. 2001; 226:377-408
References 2:
Lazarevich NL et al.Biochemistry (Mosc). 2000; 65:117-33
References 3:
Yusof YA, et al. Anal Quant Cytol Histol. 2003; 25:332-8
The immunohistochemical staining of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin is considered to be very useful in the study of inherited AAT deficiency, benign and malignant hepatic tumors and yolk sac carcinomas. Positive staining for A-1-Antitrypsin may also be used in detection of benign and malignant lesions of an histiocytic nature. Sensitivity and specificity of the results have made this antibody a useful tool in the screening of patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis or other forms of liver disease with portal fibrosis of uncertain etiology.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Callea F, et al. J Hepatol. 1986; 2:389-401
References 2:
Palmer PE, et al.Am J Clin Pathol. 1974; 62:350-4
References 3:
Palmer PE, et al. Cancer. 1980; 45:1424-31
References 4:
Raintoft I, et al. Hum Pathol. 1979; 10:419-24
References 5:
Ramsay AD, et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2008; 16:140-7
ACTH or Adrenocorticotropic hormone is synthesized from pre-pro-opiomelanocortin (pre-POMC). ACTH is produced and secreted from corticotrophs in the anterior lobe (or adenohypophysis) of the pituitary gland. The anti-ACTH immunohistochemical reagent could be useful in the study of neoplastic and non-neoplastic pituitary diseases
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Pizarro CB, et al. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2004; 37:235-43
References 2:
Kageyama K, et al. Am J Med Sci. 2002; 324:326-30
References 3:
Fan X, et al. J Histochem Cytochem. 2002; 50:1509- 16
References 4:
Japon MA, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87:1879-84
Complement component C3 plays a central role in the activation of complement system. Its activation is required for both classical and alternative complement activation pathways. C3d deposition in the renal transplant PTCs (peritubular capillaries) is indicative of AR (acute rejection) with subsequent high probability of graft loss. Anti-C3d, combined with anti-C4d, can be utilized as a tool for diagnosis of AR and warrant prompt and aggressive anti-rejection treatment. In another study, Pfaltz et al. have shown that anti-C3d labeled the epidermal basement membrane in 97% (31/32) cases of bullous pemphigoid (BP), with none of the normal controls demonstrating such findings. In the same study 27% (3/11) cases of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) demonstrated intercellular C3d deposition. Therefore, C3d immunohistochemistry is a helpful adjunct in the diagnosis of BP (and perhaps PV), especially in the cases in which only formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue is available for analysis.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bickerstaff A, et al. Am J Pathol. 2008; 173:347-57
References 2:
Kuypers DR, et al. Transplantation. 2003; 76:102-8
C4d is a stable split product remnant of classical complement activation which becomes covalently bound to endothelium and basement membrane, after induction of the classical antibody-induced pathway. As an established marker of antibody-mediated acute renal allograft rejection and its proclivity for endothelium, this component can be detected in peritubular capillaries in both chronic renal allograft rejection as well as hyperacute rejection, acute vascular rejection, acute cellular rejection, and borderline rejection. It has been shown to be a significant predictor of transplant kidney graft survival and is an aid in treating acute rejection.
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jianghua C, et al. Clin Transplant. 2005; 19:785-91
References 2:
Kayler LK, et al. Transplantation. 2008; 85:813-20
References 3:
Ranjan P, et al. Nephrol Dial Transplant .2008; 23:1735-41
References 4:
Seemayer CA, et al. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007; 22:568-76
References 5:
Bouron-Dal Soglio D, et al. Hum Pathol. 2008; 39:1103-10
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