Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a 34 kD protein belonging to the kallikrein family of serine proteases and was originally isolated and purified from human seminal plasma. It was found to be immunologically identical and biologically similar to a protein isolated from the prostate gland. PSA is distinct from prostatic acid phosphatase. Low levels of expression of PSA have been reported in non-prostatic tissues and tumors such as breast carcinomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
35H9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 43 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Watt KWK et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1986; 83:3166-3170
The CD8 molecule is composed of two chains and has a molecular weight of 32 kD. It is found on a T cell subset of normal cytotoxic/suppressor cells which make up approximately 20-35% of human peripheral blood lymphocytes.The CD8 antigen is reported to be detected on natural killer cells, 80% of thymocytes, on a subpopulation of 30% of peripheral blood null cells and 15-30% of bone marrow cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4B11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 28 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kemp RA et al. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research. 2011;30(1):78
References 2:
Michel S et al. British Journal of Cancer. 2008;99(11):1867-1873
References 3:
Williamson SLH et al. American Journal of Pathology 1998,152(6):1421-1426
The CD4 molecule (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 59 kD. The CD4 antigen is expressed on a T cell subset (helper/inducer) representing 45% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and at a lower level on monocytes and germinal center macrophages. Most cases of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, including mycosis fungoides, express the CD4 antigen and HTLV-1 associated adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma is also generally CD4 positive.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4B12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 405 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Arnould L et al. British Journal of Cancer 2006; 94:259-267
References 2:
Choi HJ et al. British Journal of Dermatology 2006; 154:419-425
References 3:
Lapperre TS et al. Thorax 2006; 61:115-121
References 4:
Willemse BWM et al. Respiratory Research 2005; 6:38
References 5:
Suzuki A et al. Journal of Pathology 2002; 196:37-43
The CD2 antigen (LFA-2) is a monomeric 45 to 58 kD glycoprotein. It is an accessory molecule important in mediating the adhesion of activated T cells and thymocytes with antigen-presenting cells and target cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AB75
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 56 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong FJW et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 2002; 25(4):215227
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to the external domain of the CD16 molecule, common to both the transmembrane form and the GPI-linked form.
CD16 antigen has a molecular weight of 50 to 70 kD and is a low affinity Fc receptor for complexed IgG, Fc/gamma RIII, expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, granulocytes, activated macrophages and a subset of T cells expressing alpha-beta or gamma-delta T cell antigen receptors. The CD16 antigen exists both as a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein in polymorphonuclear cells and as a transmembrane protein in NK cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
2H7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 18 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Qubaja M et al. Virchows Archiv. 2009; 454(4):411-419
References 2:
Wicherek L et al. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2006; 14; 4:41
References 3:
Lee SF et al. Molecular and Cell Biology. 1999; 19(11):7399-7409
Wilms' tumor protein (WT1) has a role in transcriptional regulation and is expressed in the kidney and a subset of hematopoietic cells. Alteration of transcription factor function is a common mechanism in oncogenesis. The WT1 protein contains a DNA binding domain and any deletions or point mutations of the WT1 gene which destroy this activity result in the development of the childhood nephroblastoma Wilms' tumor and Denys-Drash syndrome. The description of WT1 involvement in nephroblastoma is not clear.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
WT49
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 44 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Omeroglu A and Omeroglu G. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003; 127:e347-e348
References 2:
Lee SB and Haber DA. Experimental Cell Research. 2001; 264:74-99
Cytokeratin 20 has been demonstrated to be almost entirely confined to the gastric and intestinal epithelium, urothelium and Merkel cells of the skin. Cytokeratin 20 is less acidic than other type I cytokeratins and is of interest due to its restricted tissue expression. In normal tissue, cytokeratin 20 is expressed in intestinal epithelium, gastric foveolar epithelium, a number of endocrine cells in the upper portions of the pyloric glands, urothelium and Merkel cells in epidermis. In tumors it is reported, there is a marked difference in the expression of cytokeratin 20 within different carcinomas. Neoplasms expressing cytokeratin 20 are derived from normal epithelia which themselves expressed cytokeratin 20. Colorectal carcinomas consistently express cytokeratin 20, while gastric adenocarcinomas express cytokeratin 20 to a lesser degree. Adenocarcinomas of the gall bladder and bile duct, ductal cell adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, mucinous ovarian tumors, Merkel cell tumors and transitional cell carcinomas have also been reported to express cytokeratin 20.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
Ks20.8
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 9,26 mg/L
Storage buffer:
PBS (pH 7.6) with 1% BSA and sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Botta MC et al. Pathologica. 2001; 93(6):640-644
References 2:
Leech SN et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54:727-729
References 3:
Tan J et al. Human Pathology. 1998; 29(4):390-396
References 4:
Longatto Filho A et al. Acta Cytol. 1997; 41(4):961-971
References 5:
Moll R et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1992; 140(2):427-447
Estrogen receptor (ER) content of breast cancer tissue is an important parameter in the prediction of prognosis and response to endocrine therapy. The introduction of highly specific monoclonal antibodies to ER has allowed the determination of receptor status of breast tumors to be carried out in routine histopathology laboratories.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
6F11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bevitt DJ et al. Journal of Pathology 1997; 183(2), 228232
References 2:
Kaplan, PA et al. Am J Clin Pathol 2005: 276280
References 3:
Zafrani B et al. Histopathology 2000; 37(6), 536545
References 4:
Harvey JM et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology 1999; 17(5), 14741481
References 5:
Khan SA et al.European Journal of Cancer 2000; 36(Suppl 4), S27S28
The accumulation of p53 protein in response to genotoxic stress in vitro is well established and appears to induce growth arrest and apoptosis by the transcriptional regulation of other genes and possibly by other direct mechanisms.
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
PBS with 1% BSA and sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Botchkarev VA et al. American Journal of Pathology. 158 (6): 19131919 (2001)
References 2:
Midgley CA et al. Journal of Cell Science. 108: 18431848 (1995
The CD3 molecule consists of five different polypeptide chains with molecular weights ranging from 16 to 28 kD. The CD3 antigen is first detected in early thymocytes and its appearance probably represents one of the earliest signs of commitment to the T cell lineage. Clone LN10 is specific for the non-glycosylated epsilon chain of the human CD3 molecule. Clone LN10 recognizes T cells in thymus, bone marrow, peripheral lymphoid tissue and blood and is a pan T cell marker.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LN10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 32 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Krynitz B et al. Acta Dermato Venerologica. 2010; 90:379-385
CD13 antigen, also known as aminopeptidase N, is a member of type II integral membrane metalloproteases, which also includes the leukocyte antigens CD10, CD26, CD73 and BP-1. CD13 antigen is a receptor for the coronaviruses which cause respiratory disease in humans and several animal species. The antigen functions as a zinc-binding metalloprotease which plays a role in cell surface antigen presentation by trimming the N-terminal amino acids from MHC class II-bound peptides. CD13 antigen is reported to be expressed on granulocytes, monocytes and their precursors, most acute myeloid leukemias and a smaller proportion of acute lymphoid leukemias. Non-hematopoietic cells which express CD13 antigen include epithelial cells, renal proximal tubules, intestinal brush border, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, brain cells, bone marrow, osteoclasts and cells lining the bile canaliculi.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
38C12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Terauchi M et al.BMC Cancer 2007; 7:140
References 2:
Agis H et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2006; 59 (4):396-402
References 3:
Röcken C et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 2005; 58 (10):1069-1075
The CD23 molecule is the low affinity IgE receptor found on B cells.It is a membrane glycoprotein of 45 kD and is reported to be found on a sub-population of peripheral blood cells, B lymphocytes and on EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
1B12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 67 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Linderoth J et al. Clinical Cancer Research 2003; 9:722-728
References 2:
Peh SC et al. Singapore Medical Journal 2003; 44(4):185-191
References 3:
Maeda K et al. The Journal of Histochem. and Cytochem.2002; 50(11):1475-1485
References 4:
Watson P et al. Histopathology 2000 36(2), 145-150
The catenins, (alpha, beta and gamma) are cytoplasmic proteins which bind to the highly conserved tail of the E-cadherin molecule. Beta-catenin is a component of the adherens junction, a multiprotein complex which supports Ca2+ -dependent cell-to-cell contact, which in itself is critical for adhesion, signal transmission and for anchoring the actin cytoskeleton. Beta-catenin's role is as a transcription effector of the wnt-signaling pathway. Immunohistochemistry is the best way to demonstrate nuclear expression of beta-catenin and wnt-pathway activation. This aberrant expression is observed in human tumorigenesis, and especially in colorectal cancer.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
17C2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 51 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Curia MC et al. Modern Pathology. 2008; 21:7-14
References 2:
Ortega P et al. Clinical Cancer Research. 2008; 14(14):995-1001
References 3:
Daa T et al. J. of Exp.Clin.Cancer Research. 2005; 24(1):83-87
References 4:
Fadare O et al. World Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2005; 3(38)
References 5:
Gamachi A et al.Modern Pathology. 2003; 16(11):1124-1131
The Ki67 antigen is a nuclear protein which is expressed in all active parts of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and mitosis) but is absent in resting cells (G0). In contrast to many other cell cycle-associated proteins, the Ki67 antigen is consistently absent in quiescent cells and is not detectable during DNA repair processes. Thus, the presence of Ki67 antigen is strictly associated with the cell cycle and confined to the nucleus, suggesting an important role in the maintenance and/or regulation of the cell division cycle.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
K2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), also known as p504s, is a mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism, and is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). Expression is granular and cytoplasmic. AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular carcinoma and kidney carcinoma. Past studies have also shown that AMACR is expressed in various colon carcinomas (well, moderately and poorly differentiated) and over expressed in prostate carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EPMU1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 84 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lloyd M et al.FEBS Journal. 2008: 275;10891102
References 2:
Rubin M et al. J. of the Am. Med.Assoc. 2002: 287(13);16621670
CD5 antigen is reported to be expressed on 95% of thymocytes and 72% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In lymph nodes, the main reactivity is observed on T cells. CD5 antigen is also expressed by many T cell leukemias, lymphomas, activated T cells and on a subset of B cells located primarily in the mantle zones of normal lymph nodes. CD5 antigen expression is also reported in T cell acute lymphocytic leukemias (T-ALL), some B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias (B-CLL) as well as B and T cell lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4C7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 76 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong FJW et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 2002; 25(4):215-227
References 2:
Walsh R et al. Arch. of Pathol.and Lab.Medicine. 2001; 125(6):781-784
References 3:
Tateyama H et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1999; 111(2):235-240
References 4:
Dorfman DM & Shahsafaei A. Modern Pathology. 1997; 10(9):859-863
References 5:
Kaufmann O et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1997; 108(6):669-673
Cyclin-dependent kinases are positive regulators of cell proliferation. p57 protein acts as a tumor suppressor to counter this. It is closely related to other CDKIs such as p21 protein (CIP1) and p27 protein (Kip1) as they share a common structural N-terminal domain for binding to CDK/cyclin complexes and inhibiting their kinase activity. Human p57 protein is found on chromosome 11p15.5, a region which is reported to be a common site for loss of heterozygosity in certain sarcomas, Wilms tumors and tumors associated with the Beckwith-Wiedermann syndrome. There is increasing interest in p57 as a marker in gestational disease. Gestational trophoblastic disease refers to a spectrum of proliferative disorders of the placental trophoblast, with a wide range of histologic appearances and clinical behaviors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
25B2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 19 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kanthan R et al.World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2010; 8:10
References 2:
Sharifi N et al.Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association 2009;10:39-42
References 3:
Maggiori MS and Peres LC. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2007; 135: 170-176
Thyroid peroxidase gene expression is under the regulation of thyroid stimulating hormone. In normal thyroid, expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) described immunohistochemically is reported to produce a diffuse, fine, granular cytoplasmic stain in all follicular cells. Some studies have shown qualitative, as well as quantitative differences in thyroid peroxidase expression in thyroid cancer compared to normal tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AC25
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 10.8 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kimura S et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 84: 5555-5559 (1987)
References 2:
De Micco C et al. Cancer 67(12): 30363041 (1991)
References 3:
Czarnocka B et al. Breast Journal Cancer 85(6): 875880 (2001)
References 4:
Tanaka T et al. Journal of Pathology 179: 8994 (1996)
Cytoplasmic actins are part of the microfilament system of cytoskeletal proteins. Smooth muscle actin is found in vascular walls, intestinal muscularis mucosae and muscularis propria and in the stroma of various tissues. Enzyme pretreatment may enhance staining in some cases. Human alpha smooth muscle actin. Reactive with smooth muscle cells in blood vessel walls, gut wall, myometrium and arrectores pili of skin. Myoepithelial cells such as those in breast and salivary gland also contain actin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
alpha sm-1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 4,5 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Skalli O et al. The Journal of Cell Biology. 1986; 103:2787-2796
References 2:
Ramos JG et al. Endocrinology. 2003; 144(7):3206-3215
References 3:
Suárez-Vilela D and Izquierdo-Garcia FM. Histopathology. 2003; 43(4):398-400
References 4:
Vicario JH et al. Rev Fed Arg Cardiol. 2002; 31:441-449
References 5:
Barry-Lane PA et al. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2001; 108(10):1513-1522
Mismatch repair gene MutS Homolog 2 is a ubiquitous gene encoding the mismatch repair protein (MMR) MutS protein homolog 2 (MSH2). MSH2 functions by repairing mutations occurring during DNA replication, in normal proliferating cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
79H11
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Jensen UB et al. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 2009; 120 (3): 777-782
Chromogranin A is a 68 kD acidic protein which is reported to be widely expressed in neural tissues and in secretory granules of human endocrine cells, for example, parathyroid gland, adrenal medulla, anterior pituitary gland, islet cells of the pancreas and C cells of the thyroid. Chromogranin A expression has been reported in neuroendocrine tumors such as pituitary adenomas, islet cell tumors, phaeochromocytomas, medullary thyroid carcinomas, Merkel cell tumors and carcinoids.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
5H7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 13 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Khandeparker SGS et al. Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences. 2013; 8(3): 239-242.
References 2:
Marcu M et al. Current Health Sciences Journal. 2010; 32: 37-42
Langerin is a type II transmembrane C-type lectin which has mannose-binding specificity. It is a 40 kD protein restricted to Langerhans cells that is involved in the internalization of cell surface material in these immature dendritic cells. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that are required for initiation of a specific T cell-driven immune response. These cells are found in non-lymphoid tissue as immature cells whose primary function is to capture antigen through specialized surface membrane endocytic structures or through macropinocytosis. The dendritic cells migrate to secondary lymphoid tissue and mature into efficient antigen presenting cells. A part of the maturation process includes the loss of adhesion receptors such as E-cadherin and the disappearance of Birbeck granules.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
12D6
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Yen EH et al. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2010;51(5): 584-592
References 2:
Musso T et al. PLoS ONE 2008; 3(9): e3271.1-10
References 3:
Rezk SA et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 2008;32(12):1868-1876
References 4:
ODonnell RK et al. Cancer Letters 2007;255(1):145-152
Polo-Like Kinase-1 (PLK1) also known as Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase 13 is a 66 kDa kinase. The activity of PLK-1 is crucial for mitosis and maintenance of genome stability. PLK-1 localizes to centrosomes and kinetochores where it plays a key role in late prophase and prometaphase. PLK-1 is overexpressed in many types of cancers and mediates estrogen receptor-mediated gene transcription in breast cancer cells. Overexpression of PLK-1 is associated with tumor development, with elevated levels of expression reported in non-small cell lung cancers, head and neck, gastric, breast, ovarian, colon and several other cancer types.
The human progesterone receptor (PR) is expressed as two isoforms, PRA (94 kD) and PRB (114 kD), which function as ligand-activated transcription factors. These two isoforms are transcribed from distinct estrogen receptor (ER)-inducible promoters within a single copy PR gene. Clone 16 is specific for a region of the N-terminus of the A form of PR. The precise epitope has not been mapped but it reacts with both A and B forms of PR by Western blot but only with the A form by immunohistochemistry. This suggests that the epitope is inaccessible in the native folded B form of the protein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
16
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 324 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hungermann D et al. Journal of Pathology 2002; 198: 487494
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