The CD79 complex is a disulfide-linked heterodimer which is non-covalently associated with membrane-bound immunoglobulins on B cells. This complex of polypeptides and immunoglobulin constitute the B cell antigen receptor. The two components of this complex are designated CD79a and CD79b. The CD79a antigen is reported to first appear at the pre-B cell stage, early in maturation, and persist until the plasma cell stage where it is found as an intracellular component. It is not present in myeloid or T cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JCB117
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bhargava P et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2007; 128(2): 306-313
References 2:
Torlakovic E et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2002; 26(10): 1343-1350
References 3:
Blakolmer K et al. Modern Pathology. 2000; 13(7): 766-772
References 4:
Pilozzi E et al. The Journal of Pathology. 1998;186(2):140-143
The CD71 molecule is a type II membrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 180 kD. It is known as the transferrin receptor and is composed of two disulfide-bonded 90 kD subunits. The CD71 molecule plays a critical role in cell proliferation by controlling the supply of iron, an essential component for many metabolic pathways, through the binding and endocytosis of transferrin, the major iron-carrying protein. CD71 protein is reported to be expressed on activated B and T cells, macrophages, proliferating cells and metabolically active cells, for example, neurons.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10F11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 42 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dong HY et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2011; 35(5):723-732
CD31 antigen (PECAM-1) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 130 to 140 kD. The CD31 molecule is expressed on the surface of platelets, monocytes, granulocytes, B cells and at the endothelial intracellular junction. The molecule has an extracellular domain that contains six Ig-like homology units of C2 subclass, typical of cell to cell adhesion molecules. This domain mediates endothelial cell to cell adhesion, plays a role in endothelial contact and may serve to stabilize the endothelial cell monolayer. The CD31 molecule also has a cytoplasmic domain with potential sites for phosphorylation after cellular activation. The properties of CD31 antigen suggest that it is involved in interactive events during angiogenesis, thrombosis and wound healing. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JC70A
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 31 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
DeYoung BR et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1995; 22: 215-222
References 2:
Parums DV et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1990; 43: 752-757
References 3:
Fox SB et al. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1997; 89: 1044-1049
References 4:
Engel CJ et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 1996; 20: 1260-1265
References 5:
Giatromanolaki A et al. Journal of Pathology 1996; 179: 80-88
CD15 antigen, also known as X-hapten, is reported to be expressed on 90% of circulating human granulocytes, 30-60% of circulating monocytes and is absent from normal lymphocytes. The CD15 antigen is also expressed on Reed Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease and some leukemias.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
MMA
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mao X et al. Translational Oncology. 2009; 2(4): 247-257
References 2:
Wong A et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2008; 32(8):1265-1268
References 3:
Pellegrini W et al. Haematalogica. 2007; 92(5):708-709
References 4:
Vassallo J et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2006; 30(2):223-229
References 5:
Barry TS et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2003; 27(12):1513-1522
The c-kit proto-oncogene encodes a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity, c-kit (CD117), which is closely-related to the platelet-derived growth factor receptor family. c-kit plays a role during hematopoiesis, gametogenesis and melanogenesis. The expression of CD117 antigen is of particular interest in the study of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), small lung cell carcinomas and in melanomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EP10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 13 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sawyer EJ et al. Journal of Pathology 2003, 200, 59-64
The c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is closely related in structure to the epidermal growth factor receptor and is a member of a large family of cell surface growth factor receptors. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is reported to be detectable in a proportion of breast and other adenocarcinomas as well as transitional cell carcinomas. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is present in a wide variety of cell types in a range of normal human fetal and adult tissues, including breast, stomach and ovary. CB11 detects the internal domain of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. CBE-356 detects the external domain of the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10A7
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
The Ki67 antigen is a nuclear protein which is expressed in all active parts of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2 and mitosis) but is absent in resting cells (G0). In contrast to many other cell cycle-associated proteins, the Ki67 antigen is consistently absent in quiescent cells and is not detectable during DNA repair processes. Thus, the presence of Ki67 antigen is strictly associated with the cell cycle and confined to the nucleus, suggesting an important role in the maintenance and/or regulation of the cell division cycle.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
K2
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15 mM sodium azide
The HMB45 antigen has also been identified in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) but is reported to be reactive only with the transient prenatal and infantile RPE. No reaction is reported to be observed with intradermal nevi and normal adult melanocytes and non-melanocytic cells. Tumor cells of epithelial, lymphoid, glial and mesenchymal origin are reported to be negative. This clone is well described in the literature. It is indicated to label an intracytoplasmic antigen in the majority of melanomas and other tumors demonstrating melanoma/melanocytic differentiation. The clone is also reported to react with junctional and blue nevus cells. (Bacchi CE et al., A Review. Applied Immunohistochemistry. 4:73-85 (1996)).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
HMB45
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 10.8 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Swetter SM et al. Archives of Dermatology. 2004; 140:99-103
References 2:
Kapur RP et al. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. 1992; 40(2):207-212
References 3:
Gown AM et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1986; 123(2):195-203
Muscle specific actin (MSA) is a highly conserved, ubiquitous protein found in muscle and some non-muscle cells. Actins can be divided into three subsets, alpha actins found in muscle tissue cells, beta and gamma actins found in non-muscle cells and a small subset of gamma actins also found in muscle tissue cells. In normal tissues, expression is found in striated fibers of skeletal muscle, smooth muscle in arteries, veins and pericytes of smaller arteries, muscle in bowel, myometrium of the uterus, prostatic stroma, capsule cells of liver, kidney, lymph node and spleen, the myoepithelial layers of mammary ducts and glands, eccrine sweat glands and salivary glands. Expression is not found in epithelial cells, lymphoid cells, macrophages, connective tissue and neuronal cells. Human muscle specific alpha- and gamma-actin isomers. Reactive with alpha-actin from skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle sources. Does not react with non-muscle actin, beta or non-smooth muscle gamma-actin isomers. Crossreacts with porcine, bovine, monkey, rabbit, hamster and rat muscle actin.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SC28
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 13 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tsutsumi Y et al. Pathology International. 1995; 45(2):10
References 2:
Nicolas MM et al. Human Pathology 2010;41:663-671
References 3:
Guillou L. Diagnostic Histopathology 2008;14:527- 535.
Mismatch repair gene Postmeiotic segregation Increased 2, also known as PMS1 homolog 2, is a ubiquitous gene encoding the mismatch repair protein (MMR) PMS1 protein homolog 2 (PMS2). PMS2 functions by repairing mutations occurring during DNA replication, in normal proliferating cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
M0R4G
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 520 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Silva F et al. Sao Paulo Medical Journal. 2009? 127(1):46- 51
References 2:
Vos M et al. Biochemical Society Transactions. 2005? 33(4):718720
Inhibins and activins are members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF?) family of cytokines. Inhibins are heterodimers consisting of a common ?-subunit linked to either a ?A subunit ( ?-?A, forming inhibin A) or a ?B subunit ( ?-?B, forming inhibin B). Activins share the ?-subunit with the inhibins and may be homo or heterodimers of ?-subunits forming activin A (?A-?A), activin AB (?A-?B) or activin B (?B-?B). The expression of the ?-subunit, and therefore of inhibins appears to be more restricted than that of the ?-subunit, and therefore of activins. Inhibins and activins play a role in the regulation of pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AMY82
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 214 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Robertson D et al. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2004; 11:3549
References 2:
Bernard J et al. Recent Progress in Hormone Research. 2001; 56:417450
Tumor cells of epithelial, lymphoid, glial and mesenchymal origin are reported to be negative. This clone is well described in the literature. It is indicated to label an intracytoplasmic antigen in the majority of melanomas and other tumors demonstrating melanoma/melanocytic differentiation.
The CD123 antigen is also known as the alpha subunit of the human interleukin-3 receptor. It is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and is a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. CD123 forms a heterodimer with CD131 (the beta subunit of the interleukin-3 receptor) to form the interleukin-3 receptor, where the cytokine specificity is provided by the alpha subunit and the signal transduction function is provided by the beta subunit. The interleukin-3 receptor is reported to be expressed on monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, megakaryocytes, erythroid precursors, mast cells, macrophages and a subpopulation of B cells, where it mediates proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Outside the hematopoietic system CD123 is reported to be expressed in Leydig cells of the testis, some endothelial cells, and cells of the placenta and brain.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
BR4MS
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 90 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
GarnacheOttou F et al. British Journal of Haematology. 2007; 136:539548
References 2:
Moretti S et al. J.of Biol.Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 2001; 15:98100
CD99 is a 32 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein, encoded by the MIC2 gene, which is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the human X and Y chromosomes. Recently, the MIC2 gene has been shown to encode two distinct proteins which are produced by alternative splicing of the CD99 gene transcript and are identified as bands of 30 and 32 kDa (p30/32).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PCB1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 9,9 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bühnemann C et al. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(9): e107105.
References 2:
Bahrami A et al. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. 2008; 132:326-348
Calcitonin (CT) is a 32 amino acid peptide synthesized by the parafollicular C cells of the thyroid. It acts through its receptors to inhibit osteoclast mediated bone resorption, decrease calcium resorption by the kidney and decrease calcium absorption by the intestines. The action of calcitonin is therefore to cause a reduction in serum calcium, an effect opposite to that of parathyroid hormone. The calcitonin gene transcript also encodes the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is thought to be a potent vasodilator. The tissue specificity of the transcript produced depends on alternative splicing of the CT/CGRP gene transcript. In the parafollicular cells of the thyroid 95% of the CT/CGRP is processed and translated to produce CT, however, in neuronal cells 99% of the CT/CGRP RNA is translated into CGRP. The C cells of the thyroid give rise to an endocrine tumor, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), which occurs in a sporadic (75% of cases) and hereditary form (25% of cases). Familial MTC is associated with C cell hyperplasia (CCH), whereas sporadic MTC is thought not to be. However, in the general population CCH is present in 20-30% of thyroid glands, either with normal histology, thyroiditis or follicular tumors.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CL1948
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 29 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leboulleux S et al.Clinical Endocrinology. 2004; 61:299310
References 2:
Hirsch P et al. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions. 2001; 1(4):299305
References 3:
Pondel M. International Journal of Experimental Pathology. 2000; 81:405422
The MUM-1 (multiple myeloma oncogene 1) gene was originally identified because of its involvement in the t(6:14) translocation observed in multiple myeloma, which causes the juxtaposition of the MUM-1 gene to the Ig heavy chain locus. MUM-1 is expressed in late plasma cell directed stages of B cell differentiation and in activated T cells, suggesting that MUM-1 may serve as a marker for lympho-hemopoietic neoplasms derived from these cells. The morphologic spectrum of MUM-1 expressing cells has been found to range from that of a centrocyte to that of a plasmablast/plasma cell. Consequently the histogenic value of MUM-1 may be to provide a marker to aid in the identification of the transition from BCL-6 positive (germinal center B cells) to CD138 positive (immunoblasts and plasma cells).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EAU32
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 263 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bergsagel P and Kuehl W.Oncogene. 2001: 20(40);5611-5622
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), also known as p504s, is a mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzyme that is involved in bile acid biosynthesis and beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids. AMACR is essential in lipid metabolism, and is expressed in normal liver (hepatocytes), kidney (tubular epithelial cells) and gall bladder (epithelial cells). Expression has also been found in lung (bronchial epithelial cells) and colon (colonic surface epithelium). Expression is granular and cytoplasmic. AMACR expression can also be found in hepatocellular carcinoma and kidney carcinoma. Past studies have also shown that AMACR is expressed in various colon carcinomas (well, moderately and poorly differentiated) and over expressed in prostate carcinoma.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
EPMU1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 84 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Lloyd M et al.FEBS Journal. 2008: 275;10891102
References 2:
Rubin M et al. J. of the Am. Med.Assoc. 2002: 287(13);16621670
The basic structure of an immunoglobulin molecule consists of two identical heavy chains, either gamma, alpha, delta, or epsilon and two identical light chains, either kappa or lambda. Any heavy chain can associate with either light chain but on any immunoglobulin molecule both light chains are of the same type. The ratio of kappa and lambda light chains varies between Ig classes and subclasses. In a polyclonal population the ratio of kappa to lambda bearing B cells is approximately 2:1, with individual B cells thought to express kappa or lambda light chains, never both. The majority of kappa and lambda chains are bound to heavy chain immunoglobulin, however in normal individuals low levels of free light chain are present in serum. The occurrence of a mixture of kappa and lambda chain expressing cells suggests a polyclonal population and a reactive or non-neoplastic proliferation of B cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SHL53
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 554 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gertz M et al. Kidney International. 2002; 61(1):19
References 2:
Ramsland P and Farrugia W. Journal of Molecular Recognition. 2002; 15:248259
Immunoglobulins are polypeptides and comprise five major classes; immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, IgM, IgD and IgE. Each immunoglobulin consists of two identical heavy (H) chains and two identical light (L) chains.These are also subdivided into sub classes eg IgG1. There are two classes of light chain; kappa and lambda. The ratio of kappa chains and lambda chains varies between Ig classes and sub classes, but is also species specific. In humans, approximately 60 percent of light chains are kappa. However, in any particular immunoglobulin molecule the light chain will be either kappa or lambda. B cells contain either kappa or lambda mRNA.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CH15
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 125 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Ramsland P and Farrugia W. Journal of Molecular Recognition. 2002; 15:248259
Folate is a basic component of cell metabolism and DNA synthesis and repair. It is involved in essential one-carbon transfer reactions and is a vitamin required by both normal and tumor cells. Folate entry into cells is facilitated via two different systems: the reduced folate carrier, which utilizes a bidirectional anion-exchange mechanism, and the folate receptor system. Folate receptor alpha is a membrane-bound member of the folate receptor family, facilitating folate transport via a mechanism termed potocytosis where the receptor is internalized and then recycled back to the cell membrane. Folate receptor alpha expression is reported to be highly restricted in normal tissues and only selectively overexpressed in a limited number of epithelial malignancies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
BN3.2
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 67 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Smith AE et al. Hybridoma. 2007; 26(5):281288
References 2:
Kelemen L. International Journal of Cancer. 2006; 119:243250
IgM, together with IgD, is the major immunoglobulin expressed on the surface of B cells and normally constitutes about 10 per cent of serum immunoglobulin. IgM antibody is prominent in early immune responses to most antigens and predominates in certain antibody responses such as natural blood group antibodies.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
8H6
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 41 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sangaletti S et al. Oncoimmunology. 2014; 3:e28989. doi: 10.4161/onci.28989
References 2:
Carsetti R et al. Immunological Reviews 2004; 197: 179-191
References 3:
Schaffer A et al. Nature Reviews: immunology. 2002; 2: 1-13
Mouse anti-Delta chain of human Immunoglobulin D, clone DRN1C (monoclonal)
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
human
Immunogen:
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to 222 amino acids of the N terminus of the delta heavy chain constant region of the human immunoglobulin D molecule.
IgD, together with IgM, are the major immunoglobulins expressed on the surface of B cells where it seems they may operate as mutually interacting antigen receptors for the control of lymphocyte activation and suppression. The greater susceptibility of IgD to proteolysis in combination with antigen could well be implicated in such a function. The use of PBS-based diluents may result in increased background staining. Clone DRN1C was developed to produce reduced background staining that is associated with polyclonal antibodies on paraffin sections.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
DRN1C
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 133 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Geisberger R et al. Immunology. 2006; 118:429-437
References 2:
Preudhomme J et al. Molecular Immunology. 2000; 37:871-887
References 3:
Vladutiu A. Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology. 2000; 7(2):131-140
IgA is a member of the antibody class of the immunoglobulin superfamily. There are several classes and subclasses (isotypes) of antibody, the antibody isotype being defined by the immunoglobulin heavy chain present in the molecule. The basic structure of an immunoglobulin molecule consists of two identical heavy chains (gamma , mu, alpha , delta , epsilon) and two identical light chains, either kappa or lambda. IgA contains the alpha -chain and may be present in a serum or secretory form. In serum, 90% of IgA is monomeric, while in its secretory form it is the main immunoglobulin found in secretions including tears, saliva, intestinal and bronchial mucous, sweat, colostrum, and secretions from the prostate and respiratory epithelia, where it has the job of defending exposed external surfaces of the body against attack from micro organisms. Secretory IgA is synthesized locally by plasma cells and dimerized intracellularly with a cysteine-rich J-chain. Clone N1CLA was developed to produce reduced background staining that is associated with polyclonal antibodies on paraffin sections.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
N1CLA
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 46 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Merluzzi S et al. Blood Journal. 2010; 115(14):2810-2817
References 2:
Fagarasan S and Honjo T. Current opinion in Immunology. 2004; 16(3):277-283
References 3:
Pilette C et al. European Respiratory Journal. 2001; 18:571-588
Polycomb-group proteins (PcG) such as EZH2 (Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (Drosophila)) form multimeric gene repressing complexes involved in axial patterning, hematopoiesis and cell cycle regulation. PcG proteins ensure correct embryonic development by expressing homeobox genes as well as contributing to the regulation of lymphopoiesis.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
6A10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Van Kemenade FJ et al. Blood, 97(12): 38963901 (2001)
References 2:
Raaphorst Fm et al.American Journal of Pathology, 157(3): 709715 (2000)
References 3:
Kattan M. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 95(9): 634635 (2003)
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