CD15 antigen, also known as X-hapten, is reported to be expressed on 90% of circulating human granulocytes, 30-60% of circulating monocytes and is absent from normal lymphocytes. The CD15 antigen is also expressed on Reed Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease and some leukemias.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
MMA
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mao X et al. Translational Oncology. 2009; 2(4): 247-257
References 2:
Wong A et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2008; 32(8):1265-1268
References 3:
Pellegrini W et al. Haematalogica. 2007; 92(5):708-709
References 4:
Vassallo J et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2006; 30(2):223-229
References 5:
Barry TS et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2003; 27(12):1513-1522
The CD163 molecule is a type I membrane protein also known as M130 antigen, Ber-Mac3, Ki-M8 or SM4. CD163 protein is restricted in its expression to the monocytic/macrophage lineage. It is reported to be present on all circulating monocytes and most tissue macrophages except those found in the mantle zone and germinal centers of lymphoid follicles, interdigitating reticulum cells and Langerhans cells. In addition, multi-nucleated cells within inflammatory lesions are reported not to express CD163 protein. The protein is upregulated by glucocorticoids and downregulated by the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A and by phorbol esters, while lipopolysaccharide, an inflammatory mediator, has no influence on expression. It has been proposed that a specific release mechanism of soluble CD163 antigen by human monocytes may play an important role in modulating inflammatory processes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10D6
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 49 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bronkhorst IH et al. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2011; 52(2):643-650
References 2:
Lau SK et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2004; 122(5):794-801
Prokaryotic recombinant protein corresponding to the external domain of the CD16 molecule, common to both the transmembrane form and the GPI-linked form.
CD16 antigen has a molecular weight of 50 to 70 kD and is a low affinity Fc receptor for complexed IgG, Fc/gamma RIII, expressed on natural killer (NK) cells, granulocytes, activated macrophages and a subset of T cells expressing alpha-beta or gamma-delta T cell antigen receptors. The CD16 antigen exists both as a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein in polymorphonuclear cells and as a transmembrane protein in NK cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
2H7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 18 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Qubaja M et al. Virchows Archiv. 2009; 454(4):411-419
References 2:
Wicherek L et al. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2006; 14; 4:41
References 3:
Lee SF et al. Molecular and Cell Biology. 1999; 19(11):7399-7409
CD19 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and has two Ig like domains. It is a single chain glycoprotein present on the surface of B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells of the hematopoietic system. CD19 is a crucial regulator in B cell development, activation and differentiation. On B cells, CD19 associates with CD21, CD81 and CD225 (Leu-13) forming a signal transduction complex. CD19 is expressed from the earliest recognizable B cell lineage stage, through development to B cell differentiation but is lost on maturation to plasma cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
BT51E
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 35 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Fujimoto M and Sato S. Journal of Dermatological Science. 2007; 46:1-9
References 2:
Otero D et al. The Journal of Immunology. 2003; 170: 73-83
References 3:
Fujimoto M et al. Seminars in Immunology. 1998; 10:267-277
Clone MTB1 detects cortical thymocytes, Langerhans cells in epidermis, interdigitating cells of dermis and interdigitating cells of stratified squamous epithelium of tonsil. Clone MTB1 may also detect small focal groups of lymphocytes outside the germinal centers of tonsil indicating a cross-reaction with CD1b antigen.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
MTB1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 16 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dultra FK et al. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine. 2012; 41(1):47-53
References 2:
Natamoto Y et al. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2007; 147:296-305
References 3:
Hubert P et al. Journal of Pathology. 2005; 206:346-355
References 4:
Rho NK et al. British Journal of Dermatology. 2004; 151:119-125
References 5:
Soilleux EJ et al. Journal of Pathology. 2001; 195(5):586-592
The CD20 antigen is a non-glycosylated phosphoprotein of approximately 33kD which is expressed on normal and malignant human B cells and is thought to act as a receptor during B cell activation and differentiation. CD20 antigen has been reported to be expressed on normal B cells from peripheral blood, lymph node, spleen, tonsil, bone marrow, acute leukemias and chronic lymphocytic leukemias.An intracytoplasmic epitope localised on the human CD20 molecule. Reacts predominantly with a 33 kD polypeptide, but also with a minor component of 30 kD.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
L26
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 95 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Mason DY et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1990; 136(6):12151222
References 2:
Cartun RW et al. American Journal of Pathology. 1987; 129(3):415421
References 3:
Norton AJ and Isaacson PG. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1987; 40:14051412
References 4:
Ishii Y et al. Clinical Experimental Immunology. 1984; 58:183192
CD21 antigen is a type I integral membrane glycoprotein of molecular weight 140 kD, which functions as the receptor for the C3d fragment of the third complement component. The CD21 molecule, present on mature B cells, is involved in transmitting growth-promoting signals to the interior of the B cell and acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus. CD21 antigen is reported to be found in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias and in a subset of T cell acute lymphocytic leukemias but is absent on T lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes. CD21 antigen is also reported to be expressed in follicular dendritic cells and in follicular and mantle cell lymphomas, mature leukemias and lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
2G9
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 326 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dupin N et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1999; 96(8); 45464551.
The CD23 molecule is the low affinity IgE receptor found on B cells.It is a membrane glycoprotein of 45 kD and is reported to be found on a sub-population of peripheral blood cells, B lymphocytes and on EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
1B12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 67 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Linderoth J et al. Clinical Cancer Research 2003; 9:722-728
References 2:
Peh SC et al. Singapore Medical Journal 2003; 44(4):185-191
References 3:
Maeda K et al. The Journal of Histochem. and Cytochem.2002; 50(11):1475-1485
References 4:
Watson P et al. Histopathology 2000 36(2), 145-150
The CD2 antigen (LFA-2) is a monomeric 45 to 58 kD glycoprotein. It is an accessory molecule important in mediating the adhesion of activated T cells and thymocytes with antigen-presenting cells and target cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
AB75
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 56 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong FJW et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 2002; 25(4):215227
The CD30 antigen is a single chain glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 120 kD. CD30 antigen is known to act as a receptor for a cytokine ligand, CD30L, and may also play a role in the regulation of cellular growth and transformation. CD30 antigen is reported to be expressed on the surface of multinucleated Reed Sternberg cells, mononuclear Hodgkin's cells and in the majority of anaplastic large cell lymphomas. The CD30 antigen is expressed in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and virally transformed cells, for example, EBV-transformed B cells.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JCM182
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 72 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Kennedy M et al. Immunology. 2006; 118: 143-152
References 2:
Chiarle R et al. Clinical Immunology. 1999; 90(2):157-164
CD31 antigen (PECAM-1) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 130 to 140 kD. The CD31 molecule is expressed on the surface of platelets, monocytes, granulocytes, B cells and at the endothelial intracellular junction. The molecule has an extracellular domain that contains six Ig-like homology units of C2 subclass, typical of cell to cell adhesion molecules. This domain mediates endothelial cell to cell adhesion, plays a role in endothelial contact and may serve to stabilize the endothelial cell monolayer. The CD31 molecule also has a cytoplasmic domain with potential sites for phosphorylation after cellular activation. The properties of CD31 antigen suggest that it is involved in interactive events during angiogenesis, thrombosis and wound healing. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JC70A
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 31 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
DeYoung BR et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1995; 22: 215-222
References 2:
Parums DV et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology 1990; 43: 752-757
References 3:
Fox SB et al. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1997; 89: 1044-1049
References 4:
Engel CJ et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 1996; 20: 1260-1265
References 5:
Giatromanolaki A et al. Journal of Pathology 1996; 179: 80-88
CD33 antigen is reported to appear on myelomonocytic precursor cells after CD34 antigen expression. It then continues to be expressed on both the myeloid and monocyte lineages, although it is reported to be absent on granulocytes. It has been reported that expression of CD33 is restricted to monocytes, premyelocytes, myeloid blasts, some acute undifferentiated leukemias and acute lymphoblastic leukemias.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
PWS44
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 417 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bradshaw EM et al. Nature Neuroscience. 2013, 16(7): 848 852
References 2:
Hoyer JD et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2008; 129(2): 316 323.
The CD34 antigen is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 110 kD. The CD34 protein is selectively expressed on human lymphoid and myeloid hemopoietic progenitor cells. The CD34 antigen is also expressed on vascular enothelium. Enzyme digestion of paraffin sections is recommended with clone QBEnd/10 in perference to heat induced epitope retrieval as it produces stronger staining and reduces background elastin staining
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
QBEnd/10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 261 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Tornoczky T et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2003; 56(5):363367
References 2:
Cox G et al. Lung Cancer. 2000; 29(3):169177
References 3:
Dhillon AP et al. Journal of Pathology. 1990; 162:274
References 4:
Ramani P et al. Histopathology. 1990; 17(3):237242
References 5:
Watanabe T et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2001; 54:631636.
The CD38 molecule is a type II single transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 46 kD. It is an ectoenzyme with the activities of ADP-ribosyl cyclase, cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase, NAD glycohydrolase and is involved in both the formation and hydrolysis of cADPR, a second messenger that regulates the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ ions. Although the CD38 molecule was originally identified as a T lymphocyte differentiation antigen, it is reported to be expressed in a wide range of cells and tissues. CD38 antigen can deliver potent growth and differentiation signals to lymphoid and myeloid cells. It is found on immature cells of the B and T cell lineages but not on most mature resting peripheral lymphocytes. It is also present on thymocytes, pre-B cells, germinal center B cells, mitogen-activated T cells, Ig-secreting plasma cells, monocytes, NK cells, erythroid and myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow and brain cells. CD38 antigen has also been reported in neurofibrillary tangles, the pathological indicator of Alzheimer's disease that occurs in the neuronal perikarya and proximal dendrites.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
SPC32
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 46 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Krukemeyer MG et al. Transplantationsmedizin. 2003; 15:4046
The CD3 molecule consists of five different polypeptide chains with molecular weights ranging from 16 to 28 kD. The CD3 antigen is first detected in early thymocytes and its appearance probably represents one of the earliest signs of commitment to the T cell lineage. Clone LN10 is specific for the non-glycosylated epsilon chain of the human CD3 molecule. Clone LN10 recognizes T cells in thymus, bone marrow, peripheral lymphoid tissue and blood and is a pan T cell marker.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
LN10
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 32 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Krynitz B et al. Acta Dermato Venerologica. 2010; 90:379-385
The CD43 antigen is expressed on the membrane and in the cytoplasm of T cells and cells of myeloid lineage. The molecule itself exhibits molecular weight heterogeneity with bands of 90 to 140 kD observed on SDS-PAGE between different cell lines. Cells expressing the CD43 antigen are reported to include normal and neoplastic T cells. A small proportion of B cell chronic leukemias and diffuse large B cell lymphomas are also reported to express CD43 antigen. Enzyme pretreatment may enhance staining with clone MT1 in some cases.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
MT1
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 21 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Higgins RA et al. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2008; 132:441-461
References 2:
Goteri G et al. Journal of Oral Pathology Medicine 2006; 35:254-256
The CD45 antigen (leukocyte common antigen) is a family of five or more high molecular weight glycoproteins present on the surface of the majority of the human leukocytes (including lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils) but absent from erythrocytes and platelets. Various isoforms of CD45 are generated by alternative splicing of three exons. Expression of CD45 is necessary for signaling through the T cell receptor.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
X16/99
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 64 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Sylvester KG et al. Wound Repair and Regeneration. 2000; 8(1):36-44
References 2:
Kauma SW et al. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1999; 84(6):2188-2194
References 3:
Oliveira E et al. Revista da FML. 1999; 4(Supl.3):29-34
The CD45RO molecule, a 180 kD isoform of CD45, is reported to be expressed on 48% of peripheral blood T lymphocytes, 37% of CD4 positive lymphocytes, 80% of thymocytes and on the majority of T cell malignancies. Monocytes and granulocytes show surface expression of the antigen whereas tissue macrophages exhibit cytoplasmic expression.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
UCHL1
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hall PA et al. Histopathology. 13: 339346 (1988
References 2:
Terry LA et al.Immunology. 64: 331336 (1988
References 3:
Norton AJ et al. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 39: 399405 (1986)
The CD4 molecule (T4) is a single chain transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 59 kD. The CD4 antigen is expressed on a T cell subset (helper/inducer) representing 45% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and at a lower level on monocytes and germinal center macrophages. Most cases of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, including mycosis fungoides, express the CD4 antigen and HTLV-1 associated adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma is also generally CD4 positive.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4B12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 405 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Arnould L et al. British Journal of Cancer 2006; 94:259-267
References 2:
Choi HJ et al. British Journal of Dermatology 2006; 154:419-425
References 3:
Lapperre TS et al. Thorax 2006; 61:115-121
References 4:
Willemse BWM et al. Respiratory Research 2005; 6:38
References 5:
Suzuki A et al. Journal of Pathology 2002; 196:37-43
The neural cell adhesion molecules are a family of closely-related cell surface glycoproteins thought to play a role in embryogenesis, development and contact-mediated interactions between neural cells. The CD56 antigen (NCAM) consists of four major isoforms generated by differential splicing of the RNA transcript from a single gene located on chromosome 5. The CD56 antigen is expressed on neurons, astrocytes, Schwann cells, NK cells and a subset of activated T lymphocytes.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
CD564
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 11 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Nakamoto Y et al. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2007; 147:296-305
References 2:
Wicherek L et al. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2006; 4:41
References 3:
Wicherek l et al. Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2006; 70:119-131
CD5 antigen is reported to be expressed on 95% of thymocytes and 72% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In lymph nodes, the main reactivity is observed on T cells. CD5 antigen is also expressed by many T cell leukemias, lymphomas, activated T cells and on a subset of B cells located primarily in the mantle zones of normal lymph nodes. CD5 antigen expression is also reported in T cell acute lymphocytic leukemias (T-ALL), some B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemias (B-CLL) as well as B and T cell lymphomas.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
4C7
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 76 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Leong FJW et al. The Journal of Histotechnology. 2002; 25(4):215-227
References 2:
Walsh R et al. Arch. of Pathol.and Lab.Medicine. 2001; 125(6):781-784
References 3:
Tateyama H et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1999; 111(2):235-240
References 4:
Dorfman DM & Shahsafaei A. Modern Pathology. 1997; 10(9):859-863
References 5:
Kaufmann O et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1997; 108(6):669-673
The CD68 molecule is a 110 kD intracellular glycoprotein primarily reported to be associated with cytoplasmic granules and to a lesser extent the membranes of macrophages. Markers to CD68 antigen are the most frequently used for the identification of macrophages in immunohistochemistry; however, CD68 is also found in monocytes, neutrophils, basophils and large lymphocytes. The function of the CD68 molecule is not certain but these lysosomal membrane proteins are major components and may protect the membranes from attack by acid hydrolases. It is unclear if the surface-associated CD68 protein is functionally significant or due to leakage from the lysosomes. CD68 protein expression has been demonstrated in stimulated T cells and NK cells and non-hematopoietic tissues such as liver and renal tubules.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2a, kappa
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
514H12
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 37 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Gu M et al. Annals of Diagnostic Pathology. 2007; 11:64-67
References 2:
Da Costa CET et al. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2005; 201(5):687-693
The CD71 molecule is a type II membrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 180 kD. It is known as the transferrin receptor and is composed of two disulfide-bonded 90 kD subunits. The CD71 molecule plays a critical role in cell proliferation by controlling the supply of iron, an essential component for many metabolic pathways, through the binding and endocytosis of transferrin, the major iron-carrying protein. CD71 protein is reported to be expressed on activated B and T cells, macrophages, proliferating cells and metabolically active cells, for example, neurons.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
10F11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 42 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dong HY et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2011; 35(5):723-732
The CD79 complex is a disulfide-linked heterodimer which is non-covalently associated with membrane-bound immunoglobulins on B cells. This complex of polypeptides and immunoglobulin constitute the B cell antigen receptor. The two components of this complex are designated CD79a and CD79b. The CD79a antigen is reported to first appear at the pre-B cell stage, early in maturation, and persist until the plasma cell stage where it is found as an intracellular component. It is not present in myeloid or T cell lines.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG2b
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JCB117
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 20 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Bhargava P et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 2007; 128(2): 306-313
References 2:
Torlakovic E et al. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2002; 26(10): 1343-1350
References 3:
Blakolmer K et al. Modern Pathology. 2000; 13(7): 766-772
References 4:
Pilozzi E et al. The Journal of Pathology. 1998;186(2):140-143
CD79b, also known as B29 and Ig-beta is thought to function in the cellular activation and signaling that occurs when surface immunoglobulin (Ig) on B cells binds antigen or becomes cross-linked by anti-Ig antibody. This function occurs with the formation of a membrane signaling complex that is associated with Ig at the surface of B cells. CD79b, together with CD79a, forms the B cell antigen receptor (mlg) complex.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
JS01
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with 15mM sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Matutes E. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 55: 180183 (2002)
References 2:
McCarron K F et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 113 (6): 805813 (2000)
References 3:
Moreau E J et al. American Journal of Clinical Pathology. 108: 378382 (1997)
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