Glutamine synthetase plays a role in the flow of nitrogen into nitrogenous organic compounds. There are five root types of GS isoproteis (GS1-1~ GS1-5) and one chloroplastic GS isoprotein (GS2/GLN2) are known. The sequence identity between GS1-1 and GS2 is 65%.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Spinacia oleracea, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Brachypodium distachyon, Cucurbita moschata, Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, Oryza sativa, Panicum hallii, Pontederia crassipes, Populus tremula x Populus alba, Prunus persica, Raphanus sativus, Saccharum officinarum, Setaria italica, Sorghum bicolor, Triticum aestivumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant Zea mays GS-1 (Glutamine synthetase, root isozyme 1) UniProt: P38559
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Application Details:
assay dependent (ELISA), 1: 1000 - 1: 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
39 kDa | 43 kDa (chloroplast isoform)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kimata-Ariga and Hase (2014). Multiple complexes of nitrogen assimilatory enzymes in spinach chloroplasts: possible mechanisms for the regulation of enzyme function. PLoS One . 2014 Oct 1;9(10):e108965. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108965. Sakaibara et al. (1996). Molecular identification and characterization of cytosolic isoforms of glutamine synthetase in maize roots. J Biol Chem. 1996 Nov 22;271(47):29561-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.47.29561.
Special application note:
This antibody reactis with all glutamine synthetase isotypes from leaf and root
ASN (Glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase) is essential for nitrogen assimilation, distribution and remobilization within the plant via the phloem. ASN2 is expressed in leaf and ASN1 is expressed in floral organs. The amino acid sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana ASN1 and ASN2 are 76% identical. The amino acid sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays ASN2 are 73.6% identical.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Brassica rapa, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Punica granatumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana ASN2, UniProt: Q9LV77 , TAIR: AT5G65010
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
65 | 65 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gaufichon et al. (2017). ASN1-encoded asparagine synthetase in floral organs contributes to nitrogen filling in Arabidopsis seeds. Plant J. 2017 Aug;91(3):371-393. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13567.Gaufichon et al. (2013). Arabidopsis thaliana ASN2 encoding asparagine synthetase is involved in the control of nitrogen assimilation and export during vegetative growth. Plant Cell Environ. 2013 Feb;36(2):328-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02576.x.
Special application note:
This antibody reacts with both isoforms: ASN1 and ASN2
Aleu protein may play a role in proteolysis leading to mobilization of nitrogen during senescence and starvation. Catalytic activity : Hydrolysis of proteins, acting as an aminopeptidase (notably, cleaving Arg-|-Xaa bonds) as well as an endopeptidase. Cellular localisation: vacuole. Alternative names: Senescence-associated gene product 2
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica oleracea, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Raphanus sativus Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant, His6-tagged, ALEU protein from Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt: Q8H166, TAIR: At5g60360
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
38,9 | 24 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Takagi et al. et al. (2013). MAIGO5 functions in protein export from Golgi-associated endoplasmic reticulum exit sites in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2013 Nov;25(11):4658-75. doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.118158. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)Ueda et al. (2006). AtVAM3 is required for normal specification of idioblasts, myrosin cells. Plant Cell Physiol. 2006 Jan;47(1):164-75. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pci232. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)
8-hydroxy-2-deoxy Guanosine (8-OHdG) is produced by the oxidative damage of DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and serves as an established marker of oxidative stress. 1-4 Hydroxylation of guanosine occurs in response to both normal metabolic processes and a variety of environmental factors (i.e., anything that increases reactive oxygen and nitrogen species). Increased levels of 8-OHdG are associated with the aging process as well as with a number of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes, and hypertension.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
8-OHdG in cell culture, plasma, urine or other samples
NRT1.1 (nitrate transporter 1.1) is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter which acts also as a nitrate sensor. High-affinity nitrate transporter when phosphorylated and low-affinity transported when dephosphorylated. Low nitrogen concentration stimulates phosphorylation. Expressed in lateral roots. Alternative names: AtNRT1, Nitrate/chlorate transporter, protein CHLORINA 1, AtNPF6.3.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica napusSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Medici et al. (2015). AtNIGT1/HRS1 integrates nitrate and phosphate signals at the Arabidopsis root tip. Nat Commun. 2015 Feb 27;6:6274. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7274
NtcA acts as a transcriptional activator of genes subjected to nitrogen control.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Synechocystis sp. PCC6803
Expected Species:
Anabaena sp., Gleobacter sp., marine Synechococcus strains, Trichodesmium sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from known cyanobacterial NtcA protein sequences including UniProt: P33779
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ge at al. (2017). Translating Divergent Environmental Stresses into a Common Proteome Response through the Histidine Kinase 33 (Hik33) in a Model Cyanobacterium. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2017 Jul;16(7):1258-1274. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M116.068080.
Nitrotyrosine is a marker of NO-dependent oxidative stress. It is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Protein tyrosine nitration results in a post-translational modification, component of nitric oxide signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The antibody recognizes 3-nitrotyrosine moieties. No detectable crossreactivity with non-nitrated tyrosine. Not species specific.0.7μg/ml was sufficient for detection of 5 μg SIN-1 treated BSA by Western Blot.Antibody works paraffin-embedded sections.
Application Details:
1: 100 (IHC), 1: 1400 (WB), The exact and optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified, in PBS. Contains 50 % glycerol and 0.09% sodium azide.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gow et al. (2004).Biological significance of nitric oxide-mediated protein modifications. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 287(2): L262-8.Antibody used in immunohistochemistry:Pfister et al. (2002). Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in listeric encephalitis: a cross-species study in ruminants. Vet Pathol. 39: 190-199.Girault et al. (2001).Immunodetection of 3-nitrotyrosine in the liver of zymosan-treated rats with a new monoclonal antibody: comparison to analysis by HPLC. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 31 (11): 1375-1387.
Special application note:
1 mg/ml of Protein G purified IgG2A in PBS pH 7,4, 0,09 % sodium azide, 50 % glycerol
Nitrotyrosine is a marker of NO-dependent oxidative stress. It is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Protein tyrosine nitration results in a post-translational modification, component of nitric oxide signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The antibody recognizes 3-nitrotyrosine moieties. No detectable crossreactivitywith non-nitrated tyrosine. Not species specific.0.7μg/ml was sufficient for detection of 5 μg SIN-1 treated BSA by Western Blot..ECL.Antibody works paraffin-embedded sections.
Application Details:
1: 100 (IHC), 1: 1400 (WB), The exact and optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified, in PBS. Contains 50 % glycerol and 0.09% sodium azide.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gow et al. (2004).Biological significance of nitric oxide-mediated protein modifications. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 287(2): L262-8.Antibody used in immunohistochemistry:Pfister et al. (2002). Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in listeric encephalitis: a cross-species study in ruminants. Vet Pathol. 39: 190-199.Girault et al. (2001).Immunodetection of 3-nitrotyrosine in the liver of zymosan-treated rats with a new monoclonal antibody: comparison to analysis by HPLC. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 31 (11): 1375-1387.
Special application note:
1 mg/ml of Protein G purified IgG2A in PBS pH 7,4, 0,09 % sodium azide, 50 % glycerol
Urease (EC=3.5.1.5) is an enzyme involved in nitrogen metabolism. It is catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Canavalia ensiformis
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, Ricinus communis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
urease isolated and purified from Canavalia ensiformis (common jack-beans)
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Western blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Biotin/IgG protein molar ration is approximately 6,2, No foreign proteins are added
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 30 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Molecular Weight:
91 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Antibody is labelled with biotin using N-hydroxysuccinimidobiotin, Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
Urease (EC=3.5.1.5) is an enzyme involved in nitrogen metabolism. It is catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Canavalia ensiformis
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, Ricinus communis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
urease isolated and purified from Canavalia ensiformis (common jack-beans)
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Western blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
The IgG (7S) fraction is prepared from the antiserum by ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 30 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Molecular Weight:
91 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
Catalase is an enzyme found in most living organisms which is catalazying decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. In plant cells catalase is found in peroxisomes. This enzyme is involved in photorespiration and symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Fragaria x ananassa,Arabidopsis thaliana, Aponogeton madagascariensis, Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea, Fragaria x ananassa, Hordeum vulgare, Lathyrus sativus, Lupinus albus, Lupinus luteus, Moniliophthora perniciosa, Musa acuminate, Musa paradisiaca L., Nicotiana bentamina, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Paulownia tomentosa, Picrorhiza kurroa, Pisum sativum, Plumbago zeylanica, Setaria italica L. P. Beauv, Solanum lycopersicum, Spinacia oleracea, Triticum aestivum, Zea mays, Vitis vinifera
To obtain reactivity with Solanum lycopersicum urea gel needs to be apply. Please, contact us for more details.To decrease background signal this antibody needs to be incubated in PBS-T NOT TBS-T. For reference, check image in application example below.
Tokarz et al. (2021). Stem Photosynthesis-A Key Element of Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Acclimatisation to Salinity. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 12;22(2):685. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020685. PMID: 33445673; PMCID: PMC7828162.Li et al. (2021) Isolation and comparative proteomic analysis of mitochondria from the pulp of ripening citrus fruit. Hortic Res. 2021 Feb 1;8(1):31. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00470-w. PMID: 33518707; PMCID: PMC7848011.Wilmowicz et al (2021) EPIP-Evoked Modifications of Redox, Lipid, and Pectin Homeostasis in the Abscission Zone of Lupine Flowers. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(6):3001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063001Bapatla et al. (2021). Modulation of Photorespiratory Enzymes by Oxidative and Photo-Oxidative Stress Induced by Menadione in Leaves of Pea (Pisum sativum). Plants 10, no. 5: 987. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10050987Adamiec et al. (2021). Fatty acid composition and cpDNA content in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants deprived of EGY1 protease. PHOTOSYNTHETICA 59 (4): 633-639, 2021, DOI 10.32615/ps.2021.053
Special application note:
This antibody is recognizing all three isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana catalase. Catalase-2 is a main isoform expressed in leaf tissue and localized to peroxisomes. This antibody contains 0.1 % ProClin.
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) serves as an important control element in the regulation of photosynthetic carbon metabolism in C4 and CAM plants. This is the first enzyme of the pathway, and PEPC enzymes are encoded by a small multigenic family. Several isoforms of PEPC have been characterised in maize, sorghum and sugarcane. These isoforms are involved in several functions such as the initial fixation of atmospheric CO2 (= C4 PEPC) and anaplerotic functions associated with nitrogen assimilation or amino acid biosynthesis (Lepiniec et al. 1994).
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after re-constitution with sterile milliQ water final concentration of the standard is 0.15 pmoles/ lProtein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50 mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll/well will give a RbcL signal in this range.Positive control: a 2 μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. Higher standard concentration needs to be used to allow detection by Coomasie stains. Such gels with higher standard concentration can not be used for quantitation using chemiluminescence.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 60 l of steril water, Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized
Molecular Weight:
110 | 105 kDa
Special application note:
The PEPC protein standard can be used in a combination with Agrisera global PEPC antibiody to quantitate PEPC from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequence. Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Glutamine synthetase (GlnA) is the key enzyme in the incorporation of mineral nitrogen into glutamine.This product is a recombinant GlnA protein standard, source Synechocystis strain PCC 6803.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after adding 225 l of milliQ water final concentration of the standard is 0.20 pmol/ lProtein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2μg of chlorophyll will give a GlnA signal in this range.Positive control: a 2μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 225 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
in most gel systems GlnA migrates around 53 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
The GlnA protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-GlnA antibodies to quantitate GlnA from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the GlnA protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Glutamine synthetase (GLN or GS) is one of the key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism of plants. It catalyses the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. There are two general classes of glutamine synthetase in plants: GLN1, a cytosolic form and GLN2, a chloroplastic form. GLN2 is encoded by a single gene and is highly abundant in mesophyll cells of leaves for the assimilation of ammonia produced from photorespiration and the reduction of nitrate in the chloroplasts. GLN2 is a target for thioredoxin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Brassica napus, Diplotaxis tenuifolia,Eruca versicaria, Glycine max, Hordeum vulgare, Medicago truncatula, Pinus sylvestris, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physcomitrium patens, Populus sp., Triticum aestivum, Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide which is a part of part of the glutamine synthetase/guanido kinase superfamily catalytic region chosen from various available sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana GLN2, UniProt: Q43127, TAIR: AT5G35630
Hertle et al. (2021). Horizontal genome transfer by cell-to-cell travel of whole organelles. Science Advances. Volume 7. 01 Jan 2021 : eabd8215 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd8215Ancin et al. (2021) Overexpression of thioredoxin m in chloroplasts alters carbon and nitrogen partitioning in tobacco. J Exp Bot. 2021 Jun 22;72(13):4949-4964. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab193. PMID: 33963398; PMCID: PMC8219043.Chen et al. (2018). TIC236 links the outer and inner membrane translocons of the chloroplast. Nature. 2018 Dec;564(7734):125-129. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0713-y.Tamburino et al. (2017). Chloroplast proteome response to drought stress and recovery in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). BMC Plant Biol. 2017 Feb 10;17(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12870-017-0971-0.Dixit (2015). Sulfur alleviates arsenic toxicity by reducing its accumulation and modulating proteome, amino acids and thiol metabolism in rice leaves. Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 10;5:16205. doi: 10.1038/srep16205.
Special application note:
This product can be sold contacining proclin if requested
Glutamine synthetase (GLN or GS) is one of the key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism of plants. It catalyses the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. There are two general classes of glutamine synthetase in plants: GLN1, a cytosolic form and GLN2, a chloroplastic form. GLN1 is highly abundant in the vascular elements of roots nodules, flowers and fruits, functioning in the assimilation of ammonium and the biosynthesis of glutamine for nitrogen transport. GLN2 is encoded by a single gene and is highly abundant in leaf mesophyll chloroplasts. Here GLN functions in the assimilation of ammonia produced from photorespiration and the reduction of nitrate in the chloroplasts
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a wide range of available sequences including all isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana GLN1-1,1-2,1-3 and 1-4, (At5g37600, At1g66200, At3g17820, At5g16570)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Maresca et al. (2021) Biological responses to heavy metal stress in the moss Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Jan 1;229:113078. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113078. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID: 34929502.Silva et al. (2019). Characterization of plant glutamine synthetase S-nitrosation. Nitric Oxide. 2019 Apr 23;88:73-86. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.04.006.Wang et al. (2018). Response of Gracilaria lemaneiformis to nitrogen deprivation. Algal Research Volume 34, September 2018, Pages 82-96.Witzel et al. (2017). Temporal impact of the vascular wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae on tomato root proteome. J Proteomics. 2017 Oct 3;169:215-224. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.04.008.Silva et al. (2015). Possible role of glutamine synthetase of the prokaryotic type (GSI-like) in nitrogen signaling in Medicago truncatula. Volume 240, November 2015, Pages 98–108.
Special application note:
The antibody will recognize both, cytoplasmic and chloroplastic forms of the GS enzyme
Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (EC=1.4.1.3) is an enzyme localized in mitochondrial matrix which plays a key role in nitrogen and glutamate metabolism.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Sarasketa et al. (2014). Exploring ammonium tolerance in a large panel of Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions. J Exp Bot. 2014 Sep 9. pii: eru342.Tsilikochrisos et al. (2014). Glutamate dehydrogenase is differentially regulated in seeded and parthenocarpic tomato fruits during crop development and postharvest storage. Scientia Horticulturae 181 (2015) 34–42. (immunolocalization)
Nitrogenase is involved in biological fixation of nitrogen to assimilable ammonia.This product is a recombinant protein standard, source: Nostoc/Anabaena 7120.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Concentration: after adding 90 l of milliQ water final concentration of this standard is 0.15 pmoles/ul and this reagent is ready to use and load on a gel.Protein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4 μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll will give a NifH signal in this range.Positive control: a 2 μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 90 l of sterile water. Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized.
Molecular Weight:
34 kDa (larger than a native protein due to the addition of His-tag)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Levitan et a. (2010). Regulation of nitrogen metabolism in the marine diazotroph Trichodesmium IMS101 under varying temperatures and atmospheric CO concentrations. Environ. Microbiol (Epub ahead of print)
Special application note:
The NifH protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-NifH antibodies to quantitate NifH protein from a wide range of cyanobacterial species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved 15 amino acid sequence found in NifH proteins.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Nitrogenase is involved in biological fixation of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. Alternative protein names: nitrogenase component II, nitrogenase Fe protein, nitrogenase reductase, FeMoCo-nitrogenase.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 1.28 mg/ml
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Azotobacter vinelandii (Gram-), Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Cyanobacteria, Cyanothece ATCC51142, Desulfotomaculum reducens (strain MI-1),Clostridium cellobioparum, Enterobacter , genera, euryachaeotes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Magnetococcus sp., Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, Methanococcus maripaludis, Methylobacterium sp., Mesoorhizobium loti, Rhodopseudomonas palustris TIE-1 strain, alpha,gamma,beta proteobacteria, enterobacteria, low GC gram+, high GC gram +, able to fix atmoshperic nitrogen, Rhizobium melilotiSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from known bacterial NifH subunits of bacterial nitrogenase enzymes of the FeMoCo type including Synechoccocus sp. Q2JP78 , Trichodesmium theibautii, Anabaena sp. P33178 and Nostoc sp. Q51296
Applications:
Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
An enzyme involved in chlorophyll synthesis, present in all cyanobacteria (fixing and non-nitrogen fixing) is a member of the NifH family/superfamily. Agrisera anti-NifH antibody will not show a strong reactivity to this target.In photobionts like Anabaena sp., low nitrate growth is required to turn on the NifH expression to high enough levels to detect NifH protein. Immunofluorescence protocol Insect dissected tissues (digestive tract, fat body, carrying NifH positive bacteria) of large workers were fixed in cold methanol (20 min, -20 °C) and then permeabilized in cold acetone (5 min, -20 °C). Samples were subsequently rinsed three times with PBS with 0.1 % Triton-X 100 at RT (PBST) and incubated for 5 minutes in PBST. This was followed by incubation of tissues for 1 hr with 6 ug/ml affinity purified anti-NifH antibody (Agrisera, AS01 021A) diluted in PBS-TBSA (PBS, 0.1 % v/v Triton-X-100, 1 mg/ml BSA) and 3 washings with PBST. Samples were then incubated in the dark with a goat anti-chicken IgY conjugated to Dylight 488 (Pierce, SA5-10070) for 45 min and were washed twice (PBS, 0.1%v/v Triton-X-100). Finally, the tissues were mounted in Vectashield medium containing DAPI (Vector Laboratories, H-1500) and viewed under a SP5 Leica confocal microscope with 10X and 63X objectives. Courtesy of Drs. Panagiotis Sapountzis and Mariya Zhukova, University of Copenhagen, Danmark
Application Details:
1 : 500 (IHC), 6 g/ml (IF), 1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified IgY in PBS pH 8 and 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
27 | 32.5 kDa
Not reactive in:
Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 as NifH protein is not present in those cyanobacterial species, Frankia sp.
Selected references:
Santana-Sanchez, et al. (2023) Flv3A facilitates O2 photoreduction and affects H2 photoproduction independently of Flv1A in diazotrophic Anabaena filaments. New Phytol. 2023;237(1):126-139. doi:10.1111/nph.18506Chen et al. (2022) Exogenous hydrogen sulphide alleviates nodule senescence in Glycine max-Sinorhizobium fredii symbiotic system, Preprint from Research Square, 22 Jul 2022, DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1752770/v1Li et al. (2022), The effects of Ni availability on H2 production and N2 fixation in a model unicellular diazotroph: The expression of hydrogenase and nitrogenase. Limnol Oceanogr, 67: 1566-1576. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12151He et al. (2021) Vegetative cells may perform nitrogen fixation function under nitrogen deprivation in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 based on genome-wide differential expression analysis. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 4;16(3):e0248155. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248155. PMID: 33662009; PMCID: PMC7932525. (Immunolocalization)Liu et al. (2020). A VIT-like transporter facilitates iron transport into nodule symbiosomes for nitrogen fixation in soybean. New Phytol . 2020 Mar 2. doi: 10.1111/nph.16506.
Glutamine synthetase (EC=6.3.1.2) is the key enzyme in the incorporation of mineral nitrogen into glutamine. Activity of this enzyme is controlled by adenylarion under conditions of abundant glutamine.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4 C; make aliquots to avoid working with a stock. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Purified, total IgY (chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin) in PBS pH 8. Contains 0.02 % sodium azide.
Molecular Weight:
53 kDa
Not reactive in:
Diatoms, eukaryotic GlnA
Selected references:
Schmier and Shuman (2018). Deinococcus radiodurans HD-Pnk, a Nucleic Acid End-Healing Enzyme, Abets Resistance to Killing by Ionizing Radiation and Mitomycin C. J Bacteriol. 2018 Aug 10;200(17). pii: e00151-18. doi: 10.1128/JB.00151-18.Brown et al. (2008). Flux capacities and acclimation costs in Trichodesmium from the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Biol. 154:413-422.Burns et al. (2006). Inorganic carbon repletion constrains steady-state light acclimation in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus. J. Phycol. 42:610-621.
Special application note:
Peptide target used to elicit this antibody has a weak, sporadic conservation with Glutamine Synthetase to III, antibody not expected to detect this enzyme, Weak conservation with some Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (Glutamine--tRNA ligase) (GLNRS), but this antibody is not expected to detect this enzyme
UniProt number:
P77961 , Q59981
Research area:
Global Antibodies
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