The psbA gene has been cloned from many species of plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. The psbA gene is located in the chloroplast genome and encodes for the D1 protein, a core component of Photosystem II. PsbA/D1 is rapidly cycled under illumination in all oxygenic photobionts. Tracking PsbA pools using the Global PsbA antibody can show the functional content of Photosystem II in a wide range of samples. Alternative names: 32 kDa thylakoid membrane protein, photosystem II protein D1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae (brown and red), Brassica napus, Conifers, Cyanobacteria, Dictos, Manihot esculenta, Medicago sativa, Nannochloropsis sp., Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, cellular [compartment marker] of thylakoid membrane. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal and cyanobacterial PsbA sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: A4QJR4, TAIR: AtCg00020 , Oryza sativa P0C434, Populus alba Q14FH6, Physcomitrella patens Q6YXN7, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P07753, Synechocystis sp. P14660 and many others
The antibody is appropriate for detecting both, 24 kDa or the 10 kDa C-terminal fragments, whichever is generated under given treatment conditions. In our analysis we have seen both, ca. 24 kDa and ca. 10 kDa fragments from different samples, depending on treatments and isolation procedures.Rabbit anti-PsbA antibody can detect more than one band of PsbA protein, e.g. precursor and mature protein as compare to the hen anti-PsbA antibodies AS01 016.This antibody will detect the phosphorylated form of D1 as an alternate band to the main band on a high resolution gel.The antibody will bind to cross-linked proteins: D1/D2, D1/cyt b559, D1/CP43.
Application Details:
1 : 15 000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
38 | 28-30 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Wada et al. (2021) Identification of a Novel Mutation Exacerbated the PSI Photoinhibition in pgr5/pgrl1 Mutants; Caution for Overestimation of the Phenotypes in Arabidopsis pgr5-1 Mutant. Cells. 2021 Oct 26;10(11):2884. doi: 10.3390/cells10112884. PMID: 34831107; PMCID: PMC8616342.Sorrentino et al. (2018). Performance of three cardoon cultivars in an industrial heavy metal-contaminated soil: Effects on morphology, cytology and photosynthesis. J Hazard Mater. 2018 Jun 5;351:131-137. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.02.044.Kanazawa et al. (2017). Chloroplast ATP Synthase Modulation of the Thylakoid Proton Motive Force: Implications for Photosystem I and Photosystem II Photoprotection. Front Plant Sci. 2017 May 3;8:719. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00719.Li et al. (2016). A Hard Day's Night: Diatoms Continue Recycling Photosystem II in the Dark. Front. Mar. Sci., 08 November 2016
Special application note:
Due to biology of PsbA (D1) protein a number of degradation products can apprear in a sample and may be observed when using anti-PsbA antibodies, including products having apparent molecular weights of 24kDa and 16kDa. D1 degradation is a complex set of events and the products observed can be influenced by both the extraction procedure and the physiology of the cells prior to harvest. Third, cross-linking may occur between D1 and cytochrome b559, shifting the protein higher in the gel. In cyanobacteria (PCC7942), three different bands were competed out by preincubating the antibody with the PsbA free peptide, indicating that all bands are indeed PsbA and its precursors or breakdown products. Competition assays were also performed with spinach and Chlamydomonas, confirming the identity of PsbA bands.Anti-PsbA antibodies will not detect D2 protein, as the peptide used to generate PsbA antibodies has no homology to the D2 sequence.
RbcL antibody and protein standard: Please store at -20 °C (6 months) or -80°Cfor long term storage(years). Please avoid freezing and thawing of reconstituted antibodies, make aliquots instead. PEB extraction buffer:Stable at RT for at least 1 month. For short-term storage please stoore (1 month) at 4°Cand for long term storage (1 year) at -20 °C.
Alpha proteobacteria, Algae (brown and red), Beta-proteobacteria, Dicots, Conifers, Cryptomonad, Cyanobacteria, Gamma-proeobacteria, Liverworts, Mosses, Prochlorophytes, PelwitschiaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide was used to elicit anti-RbcL antibody. No baculovirus was used in production of this product.
1 x 50 µl of AS03 037, RbcL | Rubisco large subunit, form I and form II (amount enough for 50-100 Western blots)1 x 100 µl of AS01 017S, Rubisco protein standard (0.15 pmoles / µl, amount enough for generation of standard curve in 34 assays (standard curve: 0.0625 pmoles, 0.125 pmoles, 0.25 pmoles)2 x 2 ml of AS08 300, Protein extraction buffer (amount enough for 48 isolations of plant material, using 500 µl 1x PEB for 100 mg fresh weight) or 120 isolations of algal material (using 200 µl 1x PEB for cell amounts corresponding to 4-10 µg total chlorophyll)2 x 10 µl of AS09 602, Goat anti-rabbit IgG (H&L), HRP conjugated(amount enough for 50-100 Western blots)1 X 10 ml of AS16 ECL-N-10, AgriseraECL Bright 10 ml (5 ml of component A + 5 ml of component B, trial pack)
Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorialDiscussion over some critical aspects of quantitative western blot: Heidebrecht et al. (2009). Improved semiquantitative Western blot technique with increased quantification range. J. Immunological Methods. 35:40-48.
Defez et al. (2019). Bacterial IAA-Delivery into Medicago Root Nodules Triggers a Balanced Stimulation of C and N Metabolism Leading to a Biomass Increase. Microorganisms. 2019 Sep 29;7(10). pii: E403. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7100403.Sorrentino et al. (2018). Performance of three cardoon cultivars in an industrial heavy metal-contaminated soil: Effects on morphology, cytology and photosynthesis. J Hazard Mater. 2018 Jun 5;351:131-137. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.02.044.Mota et al. (2015). Effects of heavy metals on Cyanothece sp. CCY 0110 growth, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production, ultrastructure and protein profiles. J Proteomics. 2015 Apr 29;120:75-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.03.004.Thamatrakoln et al. (2013). Death-specific protein in a marine diatom regulates photosynthetic responses to iron and light availability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Dec 10;110(50):20123-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1304727110. Supplemental material describes western blot quantification method.
FtsZ (cell division GTPase) is a well characterized protein of the bacterial cell division apparatus. This protein accumulates early in dividing cells, and has a crucial role during septum formation in most bacteria. It has also been accepted as the bacterial cytoskeletal counterpart to eukaryotic microtubules. Synonymes: sifB, SulB.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Vedyaykin et al. (2020). SulA is able to block cell division in Escherichia coli by a mechanism different from sequestration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun . DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.012 Ranjit et al. (2020). Chlamydial MreB Directs Cell Division and Peptidoglycan Synthesis in Escherichia coli in the Absence of FtsZ Activity. mBio. 2020 Feb 18;11(1). pii: e03222-19. doi: 10.1128/mBio.03222-19. (Immunofluorescence)Sekar et al. (2018). Synthesis and degradation of FtsZ quantitatively predict the first cell division in starved bacteria. Mol Syst Biol. 2018 Nov 5;14(11):e8623. doi: 10.15252/msb.20188623.M ckl et al. (2018). Filamentation and restoration of normal growth in Escherichia coli using a combined CRISPRi sgRNA/antisense RNA approach. PLoS One. 2018 Sep 11;13(9):e0198058. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198058. eCollection 2018.Pende et al. (2014). Size-independent symmetric division in extraordinarily long cells. Nat Commun. 2014 Sep 15;5:4803. doi: 10.1038/ncomms5803.S derstr m et al. (2014). Disassembly of the divisome in Escherichia coli: Evidence that FtsZ dissociates before compartmentalisation. Mol Microbiol. 2014 Feb 7. doi: 10.1111/mmi.12534. (western blot and immunofluorescence)
UniProt number:
P0A9A6
Research area:
Bacterial antibodies
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