PsaC is a conserved, chloroplast-encoded, Fe-S binding protein of approximately 10kDa, present in all known Photosystem I complexes. It is located on the stromal side of the thylacoid membranes. PsaC coordinates the Fe–S clusters FA and FB through two cysteine-rich domains.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
In some species minor cross reactions with some larger proteins are seen. These may contain related iron-sulfur binding motifs. Therefore size verification of the reacting band is required. Due to the small size of the protein, care should be taken to differentiate between chemiluminescent signal from PsaC and non-specific signals from chlotophylls or lipids if pigment is retained near the bottom of the blot.For the most optimal results use:thylakoid membranes or PSI particles, solubilized in a SDS sample buffer (final concentrations: 63 mM Tris HCl, 10% glycerol, 2% SDS, 0.0025% bromophenol blue) with 2.5% beta-mercaptoethanol at 85C for 2 minutes. The samples were spun softly, then the supernatant loaded. This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
9 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Ye et al. (2022) Effect of increased CO2 on iron-light-CO2 co-limitation of growth in a marine diatom, ASLO, Limnol. Oceanogr. 2022, 172-176Rogowski et al. (2021) Light as a substrate: migration of LHCII antennas in extended Michaelis-Menten model for PSI kinetics. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2021 Dec;225:112336. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112336. Epub 2021 Oct 19. PMID: 34736069.Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Zavrel et al. (2019). Quantitative insights into the cyanobacterial cell economy. Elife. 2019 Feb 4;8. pii: e42508. doi: 10.7554/eLife.42508.
Special application note:
Peptide target used to elicit this antibody is well conserved in all photoautotrophs except some cyanobacteria, some red algae and Cyanophora paradoxa, which contain a conserved substitution of a valine to an isoleucine. The performance of the antibodies has been confirmed against taxa containing both the valine and isoleucine variants.Example of a simulataneous western blot detection with RbcL, PsbA and PsaC antibodies. More information about quantitative western blot using PsaC antibody can be found here.
PsaC is a conserved, chloroplast-encoded, Fe-S binding protein of approximately 10kDa, present in all known Photosystem I complexes. It is located on the stromal side of the thylacoid membranes. PsaC coordinates the Fe–S clusters FA and FB through two cysteine-rich domains.This product is a recombinant protein standard, source: Synechocystis PCC 6803.The PsaC protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-PsaC antibodies to quantitate PsaC from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the PsaC protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized in glycerol.
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Protein standard buffer composition: Protein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.
Application Details:
Positive control: a 2 μL load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (eg. 0.5, 2 and 4μL). For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll will give a PsaC signal in this range. Exact loads can vary with the sensitivity of your system and the abundance of the target protein in your samples. Note: Optimal quantitation is achieved using moderate sample loads/well, generally 1 to 5 ug total protein. A trial experiment may be required i) to bring your sample load within the standard curve range and ii) to obtain a signal that is strong enough to reliably quantify but not so strong as to consume ECL reagents too quickly or saturate your detection system. These goals may achieved by adjusting both sample and standard loads.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 95 l of sterile water. Note that due to glycerol in buffer, the lyophilized product appears as a dense liquid rather than a powder. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffer contains detergent. Upon reconstitution, this standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. See additional Handling Instructions below. PsaC standard protein concentration: 0.10 pmol/ l.
Molecular Weight:
11,5 kDa (larger than native protein due to the addition of His-tag), In most gels PsaC migrates between 9 and 14 kDa
Selected references:
Pipitone et al. (2021). A multifaceted analysis reveals two distinct phases of chloroplast biogenesis during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis. Elife. 2021 Feb 25;10:e62709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62709. PMID: 33629953; PMCID: PMC7906606.Rogowski et al. (2021) Light as a substrate: migration of LHCII antennas in extended Michaelis-Menten model for PSI kinetics. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2021 Dec;225:112336. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112336. Epub 2021 Oct 19. PMID: 34736069.Levitan et al. (2019). Structural and functional analyses of photosystem II in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Aug 27;116(35):17316-17322. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1906726116.Li et al. (2016). A Hard Day's Night: Diatoms Continue Recycling Photosystem II in the Dark. Front. Mar. Sci., 08 November 2016 | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2016.00218Vandenhecke et al. (2015). Changes in the Rubisco to photosystem ratio dominates photoacclimation across phytoplankton taxa. Photosynth Res. 2015 Apr 11.
Special application note:
Handling Instructions*IMPORTANT: In our experience, viscous liquids are surprisingly stable; insufficient mixing is the most common reason for unsatisfactory results. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.Standard needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed before each use. Proteins tend to stratify with the more dense layer after freezing. We recommend bringing the product to room temperature and either mixing by inverting or flicking tube 5-10 times. Pipetting up and down may also provide sufficient mixing, provided the tip is moved within the tube while taking up and expelling the liquid.
The antibody reacts with neuroendocrine cells of human adrenal medulla, carotid body, skin, pituitary, thyroid, lung, pancreas, and gastrointestinal mucosa. This antibody identifies normal neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Diffuse, finely granular, cytoplasmic staining is observed, which probably correlates with the distribution of the antigen within neurosecretory vesicles. The expression of synaptophysin is independent of the presence of NSE or other neuroendocrine markers. Antisynaptophysin is an independent, broad-range marker of neural and neuroendocrine differentiation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
MRQ-40
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wiedenmann, B, et al. Cell 1985;41:1017-1028
References 2:
Navone, F et al. J Cell Biol 1986;103:2511-2527
References 3:
Lyda MH et al. Hum Pathol. 2000 Aug;31(8):980-7
References 4:
Skacel M et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000 Sep;8(3):302-9
The antibody reacts with neuroendocrine cells of human adrenal medulla, carotid body, skin, pituitary, thyroid, lung, pancreas, and gastrointestinal mucosa. This antibody identifies normal neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Diffuse, finely granular, cytoplasmic staining is observed, which probably correlates with the distribution of the antigen within neurosecretory vesicles. The expression of synaptophysin is independent of the presence of NSE or other neuroendocrine markers. Antisynaptophysin is an independent, broad-range marker of neural and neuroendocrine differentiation.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
MRQ-40
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Wiedenmann, B, et al. Cell 1985;41:1017-1028
References 2:
Navone, F et al. J Cell Biol 1986;103:2511-2527
References 3:
Lyda MH et al. Hum Pathol. 2000 Aug;31(8):980-7
References 4:
Skacel M et al. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000 Sep;8(3):302-9
Molecular interactions between wall polysaccharides, which include cellulose and a range of non-cellulosic polysaccharides such as xyloglucans and (1,3;1,4)-?-d-glucans, are fundamental to cell wall properties. These interactions have been assumed to be non-covalent in nature in most cases. A highly purified barley xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferase HvXET5 (EC 2.4.1.207), a member of the GH16 group of glycoside hydrolases, catalyses the in vitro formation of covalent linkages between xyloglucans and cellulosic substrates, and between xyloglucans and (1,3;1,4)-?-d-glucans. It is possible that XETs could link different polysaccharides in vivo, and hence influence cell wall strength, flexibility and porosity.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa
Expected Species:
Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Two synthetic peptides from highly conserved region of Horderum vulgare XTH-Xet
Tsuchiya et al. (2015). Distribution of XTH, expansin, and secondary-wall-related CesA in floral and fruit abscission zones during fruit development in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Front Plant Sci. 2015 May 15;6:323. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00323.Liu et al. (2013). Brittle Culm1, a COBRA-Like Protein, Functions in Cellulose Assembly through Binding Cellulose Microfibrils. PLoS Genet 9(8): e1003704. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003704 (Oryza sativa, western blot)Hrmova et al. (2007) A barley xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferase covalently links xyloglucan, cellulosic substrates and (1,3;1,4)-β. J. Biol. Chem. 82: 12951-12962.
Research area:
Hordeum vulgare antibodies
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