The GAT-2 antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat retina and leptomeninges using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/100-1/200 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100Â - Cy3 Technique and 1/500 - 1/1,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - biotin/avidin-HRP Technique. The antiserum has been characterized as specific to GAT-2; please see references listed below. GAT-2 immunolabeling is completely abolished by soluble pre-adsorption with synthetic rat GAT-2 (594-602) at a concentration of 10-5 M.
The histochemical antibody for Neurokinin 3 Receptor is generated in a rabbit from a synthetic peptide corresponding to rat NK3R 438-452 coupled to carrier protein. The antiserum is provided as l00 µL of affinity purified liquid.
Product Type:
Antibody - Antibodies
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Rat
Expected Species:
100% sequence homology with rat, human, mouse, dog and gerbil
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to rat NK3R 438-452 coupled to carrier protein.
The NK3R antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods in rat hypothalamus using biotin/avidin-HRP techniques.Specificity of the antiserum was demonstrated by soluble pre-adsorption and Western blot. Tissue staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 25 mg of rat NK3R peptide residues 438-452. Western blot analysis of crude rat brain homogenate demonstrates two immunoreactive bands of approximately 80 and 115 kD.
The Calretinin Antibody was raised to chick calretinin fusion protein. The antibody has a proven maximum biotin-avidin/HRP staining at a 1/2000 - 1/4000 dilution in rat cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus.
The antibody has a proven strong fluorescent staining at a 1/400 - 1/800 dilution and a proven strong biotin-streptavidin/HRP staining at a 1/2000 - 1/4000 dilution in rat hypothalamus. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 10 µg/mL of arginine vasopressin. Pre-adsorption with as much as 100 µg/mL of oxytocin had no effect on immunolabeling.
The antibody has a proven strong indirect immunofluorescent staining at a 1/400-1/800 dilution and strong Biotin-Streptavidin/HRP staining at a 1/1000-1/2000 dilution in rat hypothalamus (median eminence). The specificity of the antiserum was examined by soluble pre-adsorption with the peptides in question at a final concentration of 106M. Somatostatin immunolabeling was completely abolished by pre-adsorption with somatostatin, somatostatin 25, and somatostatin 28. Pre-adsorption with the following peptides resulted in no reduction of immunostaining: substance P, amylin, glucagon, insulin, neuropeptide Y, and VIP.
The histochemical antibody for Neurokinin 1 Receptor is generated in a rabbit from a synthetic peptide corresponding to rat NK1R 393-407 coupled to carrier protein. The antiserum is provided as l00 µL of lyophilized whole serum.
Product Type:
Antibody - Antibodies
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilised
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Rat
Expected Species:
100% sequence homology with rat and gerbil, 93% with mouse, 78% with human
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to rat NK1R 393-407 coupled to carrier protein.
The NK1R antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods in rat brain using biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Specificity of the antiserum was demonstrated by soluble pre-adsorption and Western blot. Tissue staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 10 mg of rat NK1R peptide residues 393-407. Western blot analysis demonstrates two immunoreactive bands of approximately 70 and 110 kD.
The rabbit antibody for Glucagon-like Protein Receptor is generated for acetyl 65-88 amide sequence targeting rat and human proteins, but not mouse. The peptide was synthesized and cross-linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin via sulfolink coupling. The antibody is provided as 100 µL of affinity purified serum containing 1% BSA.
Produced by Dr. Mark Brownfield, the peptide sequence encoding the rat GLP2R was retrieved from the NCBI protein database and evaluated using GeneRunner software to generate antigen candidates for antibody production. Antibody was generated in rabbits and purified by affinity chromatography against the antigenic peptide. The specificity of the antibody was confirmed by Western blotting and by immunoabsorption controls is the immunohistochemistry procedure (see Nelson et al, Endocrinology 148(5)1954-1962, 2007.
The antiserum demonstrates significant labeling of enteroendocrine cells in the intestinal epithelium, as well as cell bodies of vagal afferents in nodose ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system. Immunolabeling of Western blot revealed a band of approximately 66 kDa in human and rat tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody - Antibodies
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Rat
Immunogen:
Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor (GLP2R) for acetyl 65-88 amide sequence targeting rat and human proteins, but not mouse.
The rabbit antibody for Glucagon-like Protein Receptor is generated for acetyl 65-88 amide sequence targeting rat and human proteins, but not mouse. The peptide was synthesized and cross-linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin via sulfolink coupling.
The CGRP Antibody was raised to rat alpha-CGRP coupled to bovine thyroglobulin with glutaraldehyde. The antibody has a proven fluorescein staining at a 1/100-1/200 dilution and a strong Biotin-Streptadvidin/HRP staining at a 1/2000-1/4000 dilution in rat amygdala, and spinal cord. The specificity of the antiserum was evaluated by soluble pre-adsorption with the peptides in question at a final concentration of 10-5M. CGRP immunolabeling was completely abolished by pre-adsorption with rat α -CGRP and partially eliminated by pre-adsorption with rat -CGRP. Pre-adsorption with the following peptides resulted in no loss of immunostaining: rat amylin, rat adrenomedulin, calcitonin, neurotensin, somatostatin, substance P, leucine enkephalin, methionine enkephalin, VIP, CCK-8, vasopressin and neuropeptide Y.
The histochemical antibody for Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 1 (VMAT1) is generated in a rabbit from a synthetic peptide corresponding to rat VMAT1 502-521 coupled to carrier protein. The antiserum is provided as l00 µL of lyophilized whole serum.
Product Type:
Antibody - Antibodies
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilised
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Rat
Expected Species:
100% sequence homology with rat, 90% with mouse and human
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide corresponding to rat VMAT1 502-521 coupled to carrier protein.
Applications:
Immunohistochemistry, Immunocytochemistry, Western Blot
The VMAT1 antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods in rat adrenal medulla using biotin/avidin-HRP techniques; the antiserum shows no reactivity in rat CNS. Specificity of the antiserum was demonstrated by soluble pre-adsorption and Western blot. Tissue staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with an excess of rat VMAT1 peptide residues 502-521. Western blot analysis of immunoprecipitated rat adrenal homogenates demonstrates a dense immunoreactive band of approximately 55 kD and a minor band of approximately 75 kD.
Raised against a C-terminal synthetic peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 894-907 of rat GluR1 coupled to bovine thyroglobulin with gluraraldehyde.
Product Type:
Antibody - Antibodies
Antibody Type:
polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilised
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Immunogen:
Rat GluR1 (894-907)
Applications:
Immunohistochemistry, Immunocytochemistry, Western Blot
The GluR1 (lonotropic Glutamate Receptor1) Antibody was raised against a C-terminal synthetic peptide sequence corresponding to amino acids 894-907 of rat GluR1 coupled to bovine thyroglobulin with gluraraldehyde. The antibody produces strong labeling of GluR1 at dilutions of 1/4,000 - 1/6,000 using biotin-streptavidin peroxidase technique in rat cortex and hippocampus. Western blot analysis of GluR1 transfected cells and rat brain homogenates the antibody specifically labels a single band at Uapproximately 102 kD. Western blot analysis of GluR2, 3, 4, 4C, 5, 6, and 7 transfected cells revealed no immunolabeling. Immunolabeling of the above non-NMDA transfected cells demonstrates specificity for GluR1. Additionally, immunolabeling for GluR1 is completely abolished by pre-adsorption with synthetic rat GluR1 (894-907) at 5 µg per mL of diluted antibody.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a member of a regulatory peptide family and has a marked sequence homology with pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and peptide YY (PYY), which are other members of the family. In the rat central nervous system, immunohistochemistry has found NPY-like cell bodies in the cortex, caudate-putamen, hypothalamus (arcuate nucleus), hippocampus, anterior olfactory bulb, nucleus accumbens, amygdaloid complex and periaqueductal grey. NPY-like fibers and terminals are detected in high numbers in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the peri- and paraventricular regions of the hypothalamus and thalamus and in discrete hypothalamic nuclei, particularly the suprachiasmatic nucleus. It has been used to detect NPY in a wide range of species including rat, mouse, human (1-7), fish, cat, bird, guinea pig, zebrafish, squirrels, frog, and newt.
The antibody has a proven strong immunofluorescent staining at a 1/200-1/400 dilution, and a 4+ Biotin-Streptavidin/HRP staining at a 1/500-1/1000 dilution, in rat adrenal medulla and rat stomach.
The CCK-8 Antibody was raised to sulphated CCK-8 (26-33) coupled to bovine thyroglobulin with glutaraldehyde. The antibody has a proven strong indirect immunofluorescent staining at a 1/100-1/200 dilution and a strong Biotin-Streptavidin/HRP immunostaining at a 1/500-1/1000 dilution in rat hypothalamus and spinal cord. The specificity of the antiserum was examined by soluble pre-adsorption with the peptides in question at a final concentration of 10-6M CCK-8 immunolabeling was completely abolished by pre-adsorption with CCK-8, gastrin 17 and gastrin 34. Pre-adsorption with the following peptides resulted in no reduction of immunostaining: α-CGRP, -CGRP, neurotensin, somatostatin, substance P, leucine enkephalin, methionine enkephalin, VIP, neuropeptide Y, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, bombesin, glucagon, peptide YY, and FMRF amide.
The Bombesin Antibody was raised to synthetic human bombesin coupled to bovine thyroglobulin with glutaraldehyde. The ImmunoStar bombesin antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat dorsal horn of spinal cord using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/400-1/600 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Cy3 Technique and 1/1,000-1/2,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Bn/Av-HRP Technique. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of 1 mL of diluted antibody with 50 µg of bombesin.
The Oxytocin antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat hypothalamus using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/200 - 1/400 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - FITC and 1/4,000 - 1/8,000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Bn/Av-HRP. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of 1 mL of the diluted antibody with 5 µg of Oxytocin. Pretreatment of 1 mL of the diluted antibody with as much as 100 µg of vasopressin does not diminish staining.
The Substance P antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat substantia nigra and spinal cord using biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/500-1/1000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Cy3 Fluorchrome and 1/6000-1/8000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - biotin/avidin-HRP Technique. The specificity of the antiserum for Substance P was demonstrated using soluble pre-adsorption with the peptides in question at a final concentration of 10 µg of peptide per mL of diluted antiserum. Substance P immunolabeling was completely abolished by pre-adsorption with Substance P. Pre-adsorption with the following peptides resulted in no reduction of immunostaining: neurokinin A, neurokinin B, somatostatin and neuropeptide K.
The Neurotensin antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat amygdala using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/200-1/400 in PBS/0.3% Triton x-100 - Cy3 Technique and 1/4000-1/8000 in PBS/0.3% Triton x-100 - Bn/Av-HRP Technique. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment with 10 µg of Neurotensin per 1 mL of diluted antibody.
The antibody has a proven strong indirect immunofluorescent staining at a 1/400-1/600 dilution and a proven 4+ biotin-streptavidin/HRP staining at 1/1,000-1/1,200 dilution in rat globus pallidus and amygdala. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment with 100 µg of methionine enkephalin per mL of diluted antiserum. Pretreatment with 100 µg of leucine enkephalin only partially blocks staining.
The 5-HIAA antibody was raised to 5-HIAA coupled to BSA with paraformaldehyde. The antibody produces moderate labeling of raphe neurons in normal rat. In rats whose serotonergic system has been activated, staining intensity is increased to a maximum label. Recommended dilutions of the antiserum are 1/200-1/400 for indirect immunofluorescence and 1/4000-1/8000 for biotin-streptavidin/HRP technique. The specificity of the antiserum was evaluated using a model system of gelatin-indole plugs by a method similar to published procedures (Schipper and Tilders, 1983). Results showed that the 5-HIAA antibody dose dependently stained 5-HIAA but did not stain any concentration of 5-HT or 5-HTP. The antiserum was also tested by pre-adsorption at 25 µg/mL with various BSA conjugates. While pre-adsorption with 5-HIAA conjugate completely eliminates immunolabeling, pre-adsorption with conjugates of 5-HT,5-HTP and dopamine had no effect on staining intensity or distribution of stain.
The Glucagon Antibody was raised to glucagon coupled to bovine thyroglobulin with glutaraldehyde. The antibody has a proven strong Biotin-Streptavidin/HRP immunostaining at a 1/500-1/1000 dilution in human pancreatic islets. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody in an excess of glucagon. Preadsorption of the diluted antibody with an excess of the following substances had no effect on glucagon labeling: secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, peptide histidine isoleucine-27, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, rat and human growth hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin.
The antibody produces a strong postive labeling of LHRH at dilutions of 1/200-1/400 using indirect immunofluorescence and at dilutions of 1/2,000 - 1,4,000 using biotin-streptavidin/HRP in rat hypothalamus (median eminence). Optimal dilution will vary depending upon fixation, labeling technique and/or detection system; therefore, a dilution series is recommended. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 5 µg of LHRH per mL of diluted antiserum.
The 5-HT Antibody was raised in rabbit against 5-HTP coupled to BSA with paraformaldehyde. The antibody has a proven maximum biotin-streptavidin/HRP staining at a 1/1000 - 1/2000 dilution in rat raphe nuclei. Optimal dilution will vary depending upon fixation, labeling technique and/or detection system; therefore, a dilution series is recommended. The specificity of the antiserum was evaluated using a model system of gelatin-indole plugs by a method similar to published procedures (Shipper and Tilders, 1983). Results showed that the 5-HTP antibody dose dependently stained 5-HTP but did not stain any concentration of 5-HT or 5-HIAA. The antiserum was also tested by pre-adsorption with indole/paraformaldehyde/BSA conjugates. Staining was completely blocked by pre-adsorption with 5-HTP conjugate and unaffected by 5-HIAA or 5-HT conjugate.
The Beta-Endorphin Antibody was raised to synthetic human beta endorphin coupled to KLH with carbodiimide. The antibody produces a strong indirect immunofluorescent staining at a 1/200 - 1/400 dilution and a 4+ biotin-streptavidin/HRP staining at a 1/1000 - 1/2000 dilution in rat anterior pituitary. Staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with 10-6 M of Ã-Endorphin. Pre-adsorption of the diluted antibody with 10-6M of the following substances had no effect on -Endorphin labeling: methionine enkephalin, leucine enkaphalin, dynorphin A, dynorphin B, gamma-endorphin, alpha-endorphin, ACTH and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone.
The CRF Antibody was raised to synthetic ovine CRF. The ImmunoStar serotonin antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods. The antiserum demonstrates strongly positive labeling of rat median eminence using indirect immunofluorescent and biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. Recommended primary dilutions are 1/200 - 1/400 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Cy3 Technique and 1/1000 - 1/2000 in PBS/0.3% Triton X-100 - Biotin/Avidin-HRP Technique. Immuno-labeling is completely abolished by preadsorption with synthetic CRF at 100 ug per mL of diluted antibody.
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