DES-DERII reacts with an 18 kD rod piece of the intermediate filament protein desmin (53 kD) in muscle cells. The antibody does not appear to recognize other intermediate filament proteins. In normal tissues, Clone DE-R-11 reacts with both striated (skeletal and cardiac) and smooth muscle cells. The labeling is confined to the Z bands in skeletal and cardiac muscle giving a characteristic striated appearance.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONXtra
Clone:
DE-R-11
Concentration:
Greater than or equal to 27 mg/L
Storage buffer:
Tissue culture supernatant with Sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Beaton LJ et al. Journal of Physiology. 2002; 544(Pt3):849-859
References 2:
Barber A et al.The FASEB Journal. 2001; 15:1158-1168
References 3:
Debus E et al.The EMBO Journal. 1983; 2(12):2305-2312
References 4:
Baghdiguian S et al. Nature Medicine. 1999; 5(5):503-511
References 5:
Lyall F et al. American Journal of Pathology. 2001; 159(5):1827-1838
Smoothelin is a constituent of the smooth muscle cell cytoskeleton protein exclusively found in differentiated smooth muscle cells (SMC). Cells with SMC-like characteristics, such as myofibroblasts and myoepithelial cells, as well as skeletal and cardiac muscle do not contain smoothelin.1,2 To distinguish bladder muscularis mucosae (MM) from muscularis propria (MP) muscle bundles is crucial for accurate staging of bladder carcinoma. Strong smoothelin expression is nearly exclusively observed in muscularis propria. Therefore, the staining pattern of MP (strongly positive) and MM (negative or weakly positive) makes this technique an attractive diagnostic tool for the sometimes difficult task of staging bladder urothelial carcinoma, such as in transurethral resection specimens of urinary bladder tumors.3-5 Differentiating between smooth muscle tumors and other mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract can be challenging in small biopsies. Anti-smoothelin immunostaining can be helpful in differentiating benign (+) from malignant smooth muscle tumors (-), and other mimics(-).
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN Ready To Use
Clone:
R4A
Concentration:
n/a
Storage buffer:
Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, containing 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
van der Loop FT, et al. J Cell Biol. 1996; 134:401-11
References 2:
Maake C, et al. J Urol. 2006; 175:1152-7
References 3:
Paner GP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34:792-9
References 4:
Council L, et al. Mod Pathol. 2009; 22:639-50
References 5:
Coco DP, et al. Am J Surg Pathol. 2009; 33:1795-801
TU-02 reacts with the N-terminal domain of alpha-tubulin. Tubulin isotypes have been identified with tissue specific expression. Immunocytochemical studies using several mAbs revealed remarkable heterogeneity of tubulin within various nervous tissues. TU-02 reacts with tubulin in fixed tissues only, not in unfixed or live tissues or cells. Interphase microtubules are also stained by TU-02 in fixed tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM-K
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU-02
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dráber, P. et. al. Eur.J.Cell.Biol. 41: 82-88 (1986)
References 2:
Dráber, P. et. al. Histochemistry 87: 151-155 (1987)
References 3:
Dráber, P. et. al. J. Cell Science 92: 519-528 (1989)
References 4:
Smertenko et al. Eur. J. Cell. Biol. 72: 104-112 (1997)
Insulin is a protein consisting of an ?-chain of 21 amino acids and a ?-chain of 30 amino acids and produced in the ?-cells of the pancreas. 2D11-H5 is a specific insulin antibody as tested by ELISA and on human pancreatic tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
2D11-H5
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De la Tour, D, et al, Mol. Endoc. 15: 476-483 (2001)
References 2:
Rajagopal, J, et al, Science 299: 363 (2003)
References 3:
Morisset, J, et al, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 51: 1501-1513 (2003)
Insulin is a protein consisting of an ?-chain of 21 amino acids and a ?-chain of 30 amino acids and produced in the ?-cells of the pancreas. E2-E3 is a specific insulin antibody as tested by ELISA and on human pancreatic tissue.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
E2-E3
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
De la Tour, D, et al, Mol. Endoc. 15: 476-483 (2001)
References 2:
Rajagopal, J, et al, Science 299: 363 (2003)
References 3:
Morisset, J, et al, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 51: 1501-1513 (2003)
The monoclonal antibody T2.5 recognizes human Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and have been implicated in the innate defense to many pathogens. At present, ligands for several of the TLR's, such as TLR2-6,9, have been identified, confirming their role in first line defense against invading microorganism. In mammals, TLRs are identified as type I transmembrane signaling receptors with an extracellular portion containing leucine-rich repeats with pattern recognition capabilities. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing proliferation of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules and eventually toinitiation of adaptive immunity. TLR2 has been identified as a receptor that is central to the innate immune response to lipoproteins of Gram-negative bacteria, several whole Gram-positive bacteria, as well as a receptor for peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid and other bacterial cell membrane products. It is suggested that TLR2 is able to recognize such a wide variety of PAMPs (pathogen-specific molecular patterns) by forming heterodimers with other TLRs like e.g. TLR6. TLR2 is essential for recognizing lipopeptides and lipoproteins from several microorganisms and also peptidoglycans derived from gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial species as diverse as mycobacteria, spirochetes, mycoplasma, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae have all been shown to mediate cellular activation via TLR2.
TU-02 reacts with the N-terminal domain of alpha-tubulin. Tubulin isotypes have been identified with tissue specific expression. Immunocytochemical studies using several mAbs revealed remarkable heterogeneity of tubulin within various nervous tissues. TU-02 reacts with tubulin in fixed tissues only, not in unfixed or live tissues or cells. Interphase microtubules are also stained by TU-02 in fixed tissues.
Antibody Isotype:
IgM
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
TU-02
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Dráber, P. et. al. Eur.J.Cell.Biol. 41: 82-88 (1986)
References 2:
Dráber, P. et. al. Histochemistry 87: 151-155 (1987)
References 3:
Dráber, P. et. al. J. Cell Science 92: 519-528 (1989)
References 4:
Smertenko et al. Eur. J. Cell. Biol. 72: 104-112 (1997)
G4E4 recognizes an epitope within the 74-182 C-terminal sequence (11kD peptide fragment) of human serum Cellular Retinol Binding Protein 1 (CRBP 1), a single-chain glycoprotein belonging to the superfamily of hydrophobic molecule transporter proteins, which is responsible for transport of retinol (vitamin A1) from the liver to peripheral target tissues, like the eye, where it mediates the cellular uptake. CRBP 1 is synthesized by hepatic parenchymal cells where it becomes bound to its ligand retinol and is then released into the circulation, where it binds further to the protein transthyretin, to form a transporting complex, which is big enough not to be lost by filtration through the kidney glomeruli. It is detected in nearly all tissues with higher expression in adult ovary, pancreas, pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and fetal liver.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
G4E4
Concentration:
100 ug/ml
Storage buffer:
PBS with 0.02% sodium azide
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Reddy B. et al. Biochem. Int. 21: 367-376 (1990)
References 2:
Reddy B. et al. Molec. Immunol. 29: 511-516 (1992)
References 3:
Reddy B. et al. Molec. Immunol. 30: 1355-1360 (1993)
Mutations within the BRCA1 gene, localized to chromosome 17q, are believed to account for approximately 45% of families with increased incidence of both early-onset breast cancer and ovarian cancer. The BRCA1 gene is expressed in numerous tissues, including breast and ovary, and encodes a predicted protein of 1,863 amino acids. This protein contains a RING domain near the N-terminus and appears to encode a tumor suppressor. BARD1 (BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1) and BAP1 (BRCA1-associated protein 1) have both been shown to bind to the N-terminus of BRCA1 and are potential mediators of tumor suppression. BARD1 contains an N-terminal RING domain and three tandem ankyrin repeats. The C-terminus of BARD1 contains a region with sequence homology to BRCA1, termed the BRCT domain. BAP1 is a ubiquitin hydrolase and has been shown to enhance BRCA1-mediated cell growth suppression. Pre-treatment: Heat induced epitope retrieval in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH6.0, or in 50 mM Tris buffer pH9.5, for 20 minutes is required for IHC staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. Control tissue Pancreas, breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma. Staining Nuclear and cytoplasmic.
Antibody Isotype:
IgG1
Monosan Range:
MONOSAN
Clone:
C-4
Concentration:
n/a
Format:
Concentrate
Storage buffer:
PBS with < 0.1% sodium azide and 0.1% gelatin
Storage:
2-8°C
References 1:
Hall, J.M., et al. 1990, Science 250: 1684-1689.
References 2:
Yoshikawa,Y., et al. 2012, Cancer Sci. 103: 868-874.
References 3:
Gammon, B., et al. 2013, J. Cutan. Pathol. 40: 538-542.
References 4:
Kerl, K., et al. 2013, Am. J. Dermatopathol. 35: 151-158.
References 5:
Popova T., et al. 2013, Am. J. Hum. Genet. 92: 974-980.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a member of a regulatory peptide family and has a marked sequence homology with pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and peptide YY (PYY), which are other members of the family. In the rat central nervous system, immunohistochemistry has found NPY-like cell bodies in the cortex, caudate-putamen, hypothalamus (arcuate nucleus), hippocampus, anterior olfactory bulb, nucleus accumbens, amygdaloid complex and periaqueductal grey. NPY-like fibers and terminals are detected in high numbers in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the peri- and paraventricular regions of the hypothalamus and thalamus and in discrete hypothalamic nuclei, particularly the suprachiasmatic nucleus. It has been used to detect NPY in a wide range of species including rat, mouse, human (1-7), fish, cat, bird, guinea pig, zebrafish, squirrels, frog, and newt.
The ImmunoStar VIAAT antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods in rat brain and spinal cord using biotin/avidin-HRP techniques.Specificity of the antiserum was demonstrated by soluble pre-adsorption and Western blot. Tissue staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with an excess of rat VIAAT peptide residues 511-525. Western blot analysis of immunoprecipitated rat brain homogenates demonstrates a dense immunoreactive band of approximately 57 kD and a minor band of approximately 36 kD.
Goat anti-rabbit IgG (H&L) is a secondary antibody conjugated to HRP which binds to all rabbit IgGs in immunological assays.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized material at 2-8°C. For long time storage after reconstitution, dilute the antibody solution with glycerol to a final concentration of 50% glycerol and store as liquid at -20 °C, to prevent loss of enzymatic activity. For example, if you have reconstituted 1 mg of antibody in 1.1 ml of sterile water, add 1.1 ml of glycerol. Such solution will not freeze in -20 °C. If you are using a 1:5000 dilution prior to diluting with glycerol, then you would need to use a 1:2500 dilution after adding glycerol. Prepare working dilution prior to use and then discard, Be sure to mix well but without foaming.
Host Animal:
Goat
Species Reactivity:
Based on IEP, this antibody reacts with: rabbit IgG heavy chains and light chains on all rabbit immunoglobulins
Immunogen:
Purified Rabbit IgG, whole molecule,
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Immunogen affinity purified using solid phase rabbit IgG.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1.1 ml of sterile water. Let it stand 30 minutes at room temperature to dissolve. Spin centrifuge shortly to remove any particles. Prepare fresh working dilutions daily
Not reactive in:
Non-immunoglobulin rabbit serum proteins
Selected references:
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Miklankova et al. (2022) HYPK promotes the activity of the Nalfa-acetyltransferase A complex to determine proteostasis of nonAc-X2/N-degron-containing proteins. Sci Adv. 2022 Jun 17;8(24):eabn6153. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abn6153. Epub 2022 Jun 15. PMID: 35704578; PMCID: PMC9200280.Hofmann, Wienkoop & Luthje (2022) Hypoxia-Induced Aquaporins and Regulation of Redox Homeostasis by a Trans-Plasma Membrane Electron Transport System in Maize Roots. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 25;11(5):836. doi: 10.3390/antiox11050836. PMID: 35624700; PMCID: PMC9137787.Bychkov et al. (2022) The role of PAP4/FSD3 and PAP9/FSD2 in heat stress responses of chloroplast genes. Plant Sci. 2022 Sep;322:111359. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111359. Epub 2022 Jun 20. PMID: 35738478.Vitale et al. (2021) Light Spectral Composition Influences Structural and Eco-Physiological Traits of Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. 'Microtom' in Response to High-LET Ionizing Radiation. Plants (Basel). 2021 Aug 23;10(8):1752. doi: 10.3390/plants10081752. PMID: 34451797; PMCID: PMC8399554.
Special application note:
Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml.Antibody is provided in: 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2, 1% BSA (w/v), Protease IgG free, 0.1 % (v/v) ProClin 150.Affinity purified antibody is >95% pure, according to SDS-PAGE.This antibody can used on a very wide range of samples from various species including many model plants, algae, diatoms and bacteria.
Rubisco catalyzes the rate-limiting step of CO2 fixation in photosynthesis. This enzyme contains two subunits, each present in eight copies. In plants and green algae, 55-kD large subunit is coded by the chloroplast rbcL gene, and the 15-kD small subunit is coded by a family of nuclear RbcS genes.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Algae, Camellia oleifera, Erythranthe guttata, Flaveria bidentis, Flaveria sonorensis, Glycine max, L, Marchantia paleacea, Musa acuminata, Nicotiana benthamiana, Oryza sativa, Petunia hybrida, Polianthes tuberosa, Populus deltoides, Triticum aestivum, Solanum melongena, Solanum tuberosum, Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from all known sequences of RbcS from monocots and dicots including RuBisCO small subunit 1A UniProt: P10795,TAIR: AT1G67090, and 1B of Arabidopsis thaliana UniProt: P10796At5g38430
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
20 | 15 kDa
Not reactive in:
Cyanobacteria
Selected references:
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Mazur et al. (2021) The SnRK2.10 kinase mitigates the adverse effects of salinity by protecting photosynthetic machinery. Plant Physiol. 2021 Dec 4;187(4):2785-2802. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiab438. PMID: 34632500; PMCID: PMC8644180.Bernau et al. (2021) Precision analysis for the determination of steric mass action parameters using eight tobacco host cell proteins,Journal of Chromatography A,Volume 1652,2021,462379,ISSN 0021-9673,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462379. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021967321005033)Ma et al. (2020). An ortholog of the Vasa intronic gene is required for small RNA-mediated translation repression in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Jan 7;117(1):761-770. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1908356117.Akmouche et al. (2019). Do nitrogen- and sulphur-remobilization-related parameters measured at the onset of the reproductive stage provide early indicators to adjust N and S fertilization in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) grown under N- and/or S-limiting supplies? Planta. 2019 Dec;250(6):2047-2062. doi: 10.1007/s00425-019-03284-2.
PsaA is a core protein of photosystem I. In plants and cyanobacteria, the primary step in oxygenic photosynthesis, the light induced charge separation, is driven bytwo large membrane intrinsic protein complexes, the photosystems I and II. Synonym: Photosystem I P700 chlorophyll a apoprotein A1.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Immunogold localization has been done in leaf material of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Application Details:
1 : 20 (IG), 1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
82 | 55-60 kDa
Not reactive in:
Chromera velia
Selected references:
Ivanov et al. (2022) The decreased PG content of pgp1 inhibits PSI photochemistry and limits reaction center and light-harvesting polypeptide accumulation in response to cold acclimation. Planta 255, 36 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03819-0Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Lim et al (2022) Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Spaniol et al. (2022) Complexome profiling on the Chlamydomonas lpa2 mutant reveals insights into PSII biogenesis and new PSII associated proteins, Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 73, Issue 1, 5 January 2022, Pages 245–262Rogowski et al. (2021) Light as a substrate: migration of LHCII antennas in extended Michaelis-Menten model for PSI kinetics. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2021 Dec;225:112336. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112336. Epub 2021 Oct 19. PMID: 34736069.
Special application note:
PsaA is a hydrophobic protein and we recommend to use PVDF membrane for transfer to assure best results.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
PSII reaction centre components are generating the redox potential required to drive highly oxidizing water splitting reaction. Four Mn atoms are present on a lumenal surface and form the catalyctic site of the water-splitting reaction which is in close association with the 33 kDa (PsbO), 23 kDa (PsbP) and 17 kDa (PsbQ) extrinistic subunits of oxygen evolving complex OEC. A 33-kDa extrinsic protein is also termed the Mn-stabilizing protein (MSP), however recent evidences shown that it is C-terminal domain of PsbA (D1) protein which is involved in in the assembly and stabilization of the OEC.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Load per well on cell extract of Pinus banksiana (Jack Pine) was 7 g.This antibody can be used as a loading control for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii while it not so suitable for higher plants as accumulation of these proteins might drop to 12.5-25 % of the WT level in mutants defective for PSII core (Schult et al. 2007).
Application Details:
1 : 2000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
28 | 23 kDa
Not reactive in:
Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
Selected references:
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Lim et al (2022) Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Cecchin et al (2021) LPA2 protein is involved in photosystem II assembly in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 2021 Jul 4. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15405. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34218480.Jiang et al. (2020). Plastid chaperone HSP90C guides precursor proteins to the SEC translocase for thylakoid transport. J Exp Bot. 2020 Aug 27;eraa399.doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa399. Nama et al. (2018). Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress. Photosynth Res. 2018 Jul 7. doi: 10.1007/s11120-018-0551-7.
ATP synthase is the universal enzyme that synthesizes ATP from ADP and phosphate using the energy stored in a transmembrane ion gradient.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from available plant, algal (chloroplastic and mitochondrial) and bacterial sequences of beta subunits of F-type ATP synthases, including Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplastic ATP synthase subunit beta UniProt: P19366, TAIR: AtCg00480 and Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit beta-1, UniProt: P83483, TAIR: At5g08670 as well as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, UniProt: P06541 and A8IQU3
Applications:
Blue Native-PAGE (BN-PAGE), Immunofluorescence (IF), Ultrastructure Expansion Microscopy (U-ExM), Western blot (WB)
Blue Native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) has been performed on samples solubilized with digitonin (4:1) and loaded at 100 g/well. Gel thickness was 2 mm with 4.5-16 % gradient.Antibody is recognizing mitochondrial form of AtpB Subota el. al (2011).This antibody can be used as a loading control for bacteria, Bacillus cereus.
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Burlacot et al. (2022) Alternative photosynthesis pathways drive the algal CO2-concentrating mechanism. Nature 605, 366–371 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04662-9Bychkov et al. (2022) The role of PAP4/FSD3 and PAP9/FSD2 in heat stress responses of chloroplast genes. Plant Sci. 2022 Sep;322:111359. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111359. Epub 2022 Jun 20. PMID: 35738478.Ripamonti et al (2022). Silencing of ATP Synthase Beta Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Doree. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(2):765. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020765Tanno et al. (2021) The four-celled Volvocales green alga Tetrabaena socialis exhibits weak photobehavior and high-photoprotection ability. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 26;16(10):e0259138. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259138. PMID: 34699573; PMCID: PMC8547699.
Special application note:
The anti-AtpB antibody will detect the mitochondrial form of the F1 ATP synthase subcomplex, as well as the chloroplastic CF1 Atp Synthase, and most known bacterial F-type Atp Synthases. Peptide used for antibody production is located in a beta sheet, which is partly exposed near the surface of the AtpB protein.Anti-AtpB antibody was used as a loading control in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Synechocystis sp. PCC6803.This product can be sold containing proclin if requested
Fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase (FBPase) (EC=3.1.311) is one of the regulatory enzymes in the sucrose biosynthetic pathway. In non-photosynthetic tissues, it regulates the rate of gluconeogenesis. In photosynthetic tissues, two FBPase isozymes (chloroplastic and cytosolic) play key roles in carbon assimilation and metabolism. In photosynthetic tissues cFBPase (cytosolic fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase) converts triose phosphates from the chloroplast to sucrose during light hours. Alternative name: D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Capsella rubella, Pisum sativum, Ricinus communis, Glycine max, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sesamum indicum, Spinacia oleracea, Populus trichocarpa, Vitis viniferaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Overexpressed cytosolic fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase (cFBPase) derived from the sequence from Arabidopsis thaliana cFBPase UniProt: Q9MA79, TAIR: AT1G43670
This antibody does not react with chloroplastic form of FBPase.Will this antibody be good as a cytosolic (non-microsomal control) in Arabidopsis thaliana roots? Although it has never been tested there is every likelihood that cFBPase will be expressed at reasonable levels even in roots. Even though the biosynthetic flux through to Sucrose may not be high as in mesophyll cells, central metabolism will still be active in young roots and the Sucrose etc being supplied externally still needs to be utilised.
Application Details:
1: 500 (IL), 1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
45 | 37 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Selected references:
Singh, Muthamilarasan, Prasad (2022). SiHSFA2e regulated expression of SisHSP21.9 maintains chloroplast proteome integrity under high temperature stress. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022;79(11):580. Published 2022 Nov 3. doi:10.1007/s00018-022-04611-12Cui, Liu, Li, et al. (2022) The cellulose--lignin balance affects the twisted growth of Yunnan pine trunk. Authorea. October 10, 2022. DOI: 10.22541/au.166538021.18232197/v2Wang et al. (2022), Arabidopsis Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes UBC4, UBC5, and UBC6 Have Major Functions in Sugar Metabolism and Leaf Senescence, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(19), 11143; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911143He, Gao, Luo, et al. (2022) VAMP724 and VAMP726 are involved in autophagosome formation in Arabidopsis thaliana [published online ahead of print, 2022 Oct 13]. Autophagy. 2022;1-18. doi:10.1080/15548627.2022.2127240Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.
Special application note:
Kinetic and allosteric properties of the plant cytosolic FBPase are remarkably similar to the mammalian and yeast FBPase, but differ greatly from those of the chloroplastic FBPase. The antibody could detect FBPase from the human COS-7 cell line transfected with FBP1 expressing vector.This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.
FBPase1 (Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1, chloroplastic (chloroplastic marker in photosynthetic tissues) involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis. Alternative names: D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase, HCEF1 (High Cyclic Electron Flow 1).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Abrus precatorius, Actinidia chinensis, Arabis nemorensis, Beta vulgaris, Brassica napus, Capsella rubella, Cephalotus follicularis, Eucalyptus grandis, Gossypium tomentosum, Hibiscus syriacus, Manihot esculenta, Morella rubra, Mucuna pruriens, Nelumbo nucifera, Parasponia andersonii, Populus sp., Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica, Salvia splendens, Syzygium oleaosum, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Penzler et al. (2022) Commonalities and specialties in photosynthetic functions of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 variants in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2022;190(3):1866-1882. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiac362Wang et al. (2022), Arabidopsis Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes UBC4, UBC5, and UBC6 Have Major Functions in Sugar Metabolism and Leaf Senescence, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(19), 11143; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911143Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.
Malate dehydrogenase 4 (cytoplasmic), (EC:1.1.1.37) display catalytic activity in conversion of (S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Zea mays
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon, Brassica oleracea, Capsella rubella, Catharanthus roseus, Erythranthe guttata, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum, Hordeum vulgare, Jatropha curcas, Malus domestica, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Prunus peersica, Ricinus communis, Setaria italica, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum tuberosum, Sorghum bicolor, Triticum aestivum, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunoprecipitation was performed by using Dynabeads Protein A: briefly 100 l suspension was washed with 200 l TTBS (Tris Buffered saline, 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.6 and 165 mM NaCl with 0.1% Tween 80) using the magnetic stands for concentrating the magnetic beads. After wash the beads were preincubated with 20 l primary antibodies in 180 l TTBS at room temperature for 30 minutes (minimum 15 minues). A first wash was followed afterwards with 200 l TTBS and hence a real incubation with 200 l plant extract (supernatant 20,000 x g for 3 min.), 200 l of TTBS and further 50 l YeastBuster reagent (Novagen) containing a mixture of detergents to break and solubilize the mitochondria membrane. This incubation at room temperature was allowed to be under mild shaking to allow the beads to be in suspension. Hence supernatant was aspirated away by the use of the magnetic stand and two further washesing steps with 200 l TTBS were performed prior mixing with 100 l SDS-Sample buffer.Antibody is also binding to recombinant MHD4 (see image below).
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
33,5 kDa
Selected references:
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) catalyses the first committed step in the synthesis of transient starch in chloroplasts and storage starch in amyloplasts in plants (Tetlow et al., 2004). AGPase in higher plants is composed of two distinct subunits encoded by separate genes, forming an L2S2 heterotetramer. The large subunits (L) are modulators of allosteric activity, while the small subunits (S) are the catalytic subunits (Kim et al., 2007). Synonymes:ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, ADP-glucose synthase, AGPase B, Alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate adenyl transferase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Cross reactivity of this antibody to Rubisco has been excluded using 2D gel electrophoresis.Antigen used to elicit this antbody has very poor conservation in large subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
49,4 | 52 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.Ma et al. (2021) A plasma membrane transporter coordinates phosphate reallocation and grain filling in cereals. Nat Genet. 2021 Apr 29. doi: 10.1038/s41588-021-00855-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33927398.Chang et al. (2020). Enhanced lipid productivity in AGP knockout marine microalga Tetraselmis sp. using a DNA-free CRISPR-Cas9 RNP method. Bioresource Technology.Volume 303, May 2020, 122932. Ancin et al. (2019). NTRC and Thioredoxin f Overexpression Differentially Induces Starch Accumulation in Tobacco Leaves.Plants (Basel). 2019 Nov 26;8(12). pii: E543. doi: 10.3390/plants8120543.Takahashi et al. (2019). Glutelin subtype-dependent protein localization in rice grain evidenced by immunodetection analyses. Plant Mol Biol. 2019 Mar 25. doi: 10.1007/s11103-019-00855-5.
UniProt number:
P55228 , P55229 , P55231
TAIR number:
AT5G48300
Research area:
Carbohydrates
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