Vitellogen (VTG) is a glucolipoprotein yolk precursor produced by all oviparous animals. This protein is female-specific and its expression is under hormonal control (estrogen). However, in the presence of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC's), males can express the VgTG gene in a dose dependent manner. The use of VTG gene expression in male fish can be used as a molecular marker of exposure to estrogenic EDC's.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The developed VTG ELISA, using these VTG and AbVTG, has been validated for Senegalese sole, sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and seabream (Sparus aurata), which all gave parallel displacement curves in the assay. Probably, plasmas from several other fish species displace parallel and can also be used in the assay, although it has to be validated for each case.
Application Details:
1 : 5 000 on sole serum (ELISA), 1 : 5 000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 200 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
ca, 200 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Guzman et al. (2008) Vitellogenin, steroid plasma levels and spawning performance of cultured female Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis).Gen and Comp Endocrinology 156: 285-297.
Special application note:
VTG can be purified using following methodology: Ma an s et al. (1994). Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) vitellogenin. I—Induction, purification and partial characterization. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, Vol 107 (2): 205-216.Guzman et al. (2008) Vitellogenin, steroid plasma levels and spawning performance of cultured female Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis).Gen and Comp Endocrinology 156: 285-297.
Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, are induced in response to the infection of plants with microbial pathogens. Combinations of glucanase I and chitinase I are potent inhibitors of fungal growth in vitro however precise mechanism of that is still not known. Glucanase I (PR-2) and chitinase I (PR-3) contribute to defense against fungal infection and are currently used as markers for innate immunity, and in particular the ethylene/jasmonate signalling pathway in pathogenesis.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Arabidopsis thaliana, Manihot esculenta, Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified tobacco class I chitinase. The preparation used is a mixture of two class I isoforms (Shinshi et al., 1990; van Buuren et al., 1992): 1) Chitinase A (CHN A) P08252 encoded by gene chn48 derived from the N. tomentosiformis ancestor of tobacco. 2) Chitinase B (CHN B) P24091 encoded by gene chn50 derived from the N. sylvestris ancestor of tobacco.
Applications:
Co-Immunoprecipitation (IP) (Co-IP), Immunolocalization (IL), Western blot (WB)
Important note: For blocking 5 % skim milk in PBS without Ca++ should be used,This antibody is purified by affinity chromarography on Portein G
Application Details:
8 g/ml (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
35, 34 | 32 and 34 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Mansilla et al. (2020).- Characterization of functionalized bentonite as nanocarrier of salicylic acid with protective action against Pseudomonas syringae in tomato plants. Eur J Plant Pathol 158, 211?222 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02067-wColman et al. (2019). Chitosan microparticles improve tomato seedling biomass and modulate hormonal, redox and defense pathways. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Volume 143, October 2019, Pages 203-211. Kumari et al. (2017), Overexpression of a Plasma Membrane Bound Na+/H+ Antiporter-Like Protein (SbNHXLP) Confers Salt Tolerance and Improves Fruit Yield in Tomato by Maintaining Ion Homeostasis. Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jan 6;7:2027. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02027.Jespersen et al. (2017). Metabolic Effects of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl for Improving Heat or Drought Stress in Creeping Bentgrass. Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 11;8:1224. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01224. eCollection 2017. (western blot, Agostis stolonifera cv. ?Penncross?)Ko et al. (2016). Constitutive expression of a fungus-inducible carboxylesterase improves disease resistance in transgenic pepper plants. Planta. 2016 Aug; 244(2):379-92. doi: 10.1007/s00425-016-2514-6. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
Special application note:
Antibody is recognizing closely related tobacco class I isoforms: endochitinase A CHN-A (ca. 34 kDa) and endochitinase B CHN-B (ca. 32 kDa)This antibody can be used as a marker of vacuolar contents Keefe et al. (1990). The effect of ethylene on the cell-type-specific and intracellular localization of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in tobacco leave. Plant 182: 43-51.
Pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, are induced in response to the infection of plants with microbial pathogens. Combinations of glucanase I and chitinase I are potent inhibitors of fungal growth in vitro however precise mechanism of that is still not known. Glucanase I and chitinase I contribute to defense against fungal infection and are currently used as markers for innate immunity, and in particular the ethylene/jasmonate signalling pathway in pathogenesis. Alternative names of the protein: basic beta-1,3-glucanase
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Dicots, Oryza sativa, Prunus persicaSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified tobacco class I, basic -1,3-glucanase. Purified GLU I consists of a mixture of closely related polypeptides encoded by a family of GLU I genes comprising GLA B5APL3 derived from the sylvestris ancestor of tobacco, GLB P27666 derived from the tomentosiformis ancestor of tobacco and homeologous recombinants (Sperisen et al., 1991). Mature GLU I is processed from a pre-pro-polypeptide (Shinshi et al., 1988).
Important note: for blocking 5 % skim milk in PBS without Ca++ should be used.This antibody is purified by affinity chromarography on Portein G.
Application Details:
8 g/ml (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG in PBS pH 7.4. (without Ca++).
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 100 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
37 | 33 kDa
Not reactive in:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Selected references:
Li et al. (2021) Penicillium chrysogenum polypeptide extract protects Nicotiana benthamiana against TMV infection through modulation of ABA biosynthesis and callose priming. J Exp Bot. 2021 Mar 4:erab102. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab102. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33687058. (Immunolocalization)Colman et al. (2019). Chitosan microparticles improve tomato seedling biomass and modulate hormonal, redox and defense pathways. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. Volume 143, October 2019, Pages 203-211. Martin-Saladana et al. (2018). Salicylic acid loaded chitosan microparticles applied to lettuce seedlings: Recycling shrimp fishing industry waste. Carbohydrate Polymers Volume 200, 15 November 2018, Pages 321-331.Wang et al. (2014). Elicitation of Hypersensitive Responses in Nicotiana glutinosa by the Suppressor of RNA Silencing Protein P0 from Poleroviruses. Mol Plant Pathol. 2014 Sep 4. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12201.Huey-wen et al. (2014). Harpin Protein, an Elicitor of Disease Resistance, Acts as a Growth Promoter in Phalaenopsis Orchids. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation May 2014.
Special application note:
For more details on immunolocalization, please referr to Keefe et al (1990). Plant 182: 43-51.This antibody can be used as a marker of vacuolar contents Keefe et al. (1990). The effect of ethylene on the cell-type-specific and intracellular localization of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase in tobacco leave. Plant 182: 43-51.
CKMM can be found in human heart and is an important marker of important serum marker myocardial infarction. Alternative names: creatine kinase M-chain, M-CK.
Affinity purified using solid phase human CKMM. Antibody concentration is > 4.5 mg/ml (E 1% at 280 nm = 13.0).Antibody is supplied in 10 mM sodium phosphate, 0.15 M sodium chloride, pH 7.2. Contains 0.05% (w/v) sodium azide as preservative. Antibody purity is > 95% based on SDS-PAGE.
Application Details:
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified using solid phase human CKMM.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), small antimicrobial protein which acts as a marker of plant immune signaling and is partially responsible for acquired pathogen resistance. Induced by INA, salicylic acid and pathogen infection.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Re-using of antibody solution is not recommended, It will contribute to incrteased background signal
Application Details:
1 : 2500 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
17.7 kDa (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Not reactive in:
Citrus sinensis,
Selected references:
Li et al. (2020). N-terminal acetylation stabilizes SIGMA FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN 1 involved in salicylic acid-primed cell death. Plant Physiol. 2020 Mar 5. pii: pp.01417.2019. doi: 10.1104/pp.19.01417.Jung et al. (2020). Pathogen-associated Molecular Pattern-triggered Immunity Involves Proteolytic Degradation of Core Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay Factors During the Early Defense Response. Plant Cell, February 2020. Chang et al. (2019). PBS3 Protects EDS1 from Proteasome-Mediated Degradation in Plant Immunity. Mol Plant. 2019 Feb 11. pii: S1674-2052(19)30055-3. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.01.023.Lv et al. (2019). Uncoupled Expression of Nuclear and Plastid Photosynthesis-Associated Genes Contributes to Cell Death in a Lesion Mimic Mutant. Plant Cell. 2019 Jan;31(1):210-230. doi: 10.1105/tpc.18.00813.Cecchini et al. (2018). Underground azelaic acid-conferred resistance to Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2018 Aug 29. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-07-18-0185-R.Chakraborty et al. (2018). Epigenetic and transcriptional control of chickpea WRKY40 promoter activity under Fusarium stress and its heterologous expression in Arabidopsis leads to enhanced resistance against bacterial pathogen. Plant Science, doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.07.014Izquierdo et al. (2018). Arabidopsis nonresponding to oxylipins locus NOXY7 encodes a yeast GCN1 homolog that mediates noncanonical translation regulation and stress adaptation. Plant Cell Environ. 2018 Mar 2. doi: 10.1111/pce.13182.Seguel et al. (2018). PROHIBITIN 3 forms complexes with ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1 to regulate stress-induced salicylic acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. Jan 2018. DOI:10.1104/pp.17.00941Huh et al. (2017). Protein-protein interactions in the RPS4/RRS1 immune receptor complex. PLoS Pathog. 2017 May 5;13(5):e1006376. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006376.Zhang et al. (2017). A suite of receptor-like kinases and a putative mechano-sensitive channel are involved in autoimmunity and plasma membrane-based defenses in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2017 Jan 4. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-09-16-0184-R.Zhu et al. (2016). CML8, an Arabidopsis calmodulin-like protein plays a role in Pseudomonas syringae plant immunity. Plant Cell Physiol. 2016 Nov 10. pii: pcw189. [Epub ahead of print]
Special application note:
PR-1 protein is present in very low amonts in non-induced plant material.Overnight antibody incubation is not recommended.This product can be sold containing Proclin if requested.
Nitrotyrosine is a marker of NO-dependent oxidative stress. It is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Protein tyrosine nitration results in a post-translational modification, component of nitric oxide signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The antibody recognizes 3-nitrotyrosine moieties. No detectable crossreactivitywith non-nitrated tyrosine. Not species specific.0.7μg/ml was sufficient for detection of 5 μg SIN-1 treated BSA by Western Blot..ECL.Antibody works paraffin-embedded sections.
Application Details:
1: 100 (IHC), 1: 1400 (WB), The exact and optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified, in PBS. Contains 50 % glycerol and 0.09% sodium azide.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gow et al. (2004).Biological significance of nitric oxide-mediated protein modifications. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 287(2): L262-8.Antibody used in immunohistochemistry:Pfister et al. (2002). Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in listeric encephalitis: a cross-species study in ruminants. Vet Pathol. 39: 190-199.Girault et al. (2001).Immunodetection of 3-nitrotyrosine in the liver of zymosan-treated rats with a new monoclonal antibody: comparison to analysis by HPLC. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 31 (11): 1375-1387.
Special application note:
1 mg/ml of Protein G purified IgG2A in PBS pH 7,4, 0,09 % sodium azide, 50 % glycerol
Nitrotyrosine is a marker of NO-dependent oxidative stress. It is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species. Protein tyrosine nitration results in a post-translational modification, component of nitric oxide signaling.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
The antibody recognizes 3-nitrotyrosine moieties. No detectable crossreactivity with non-nitrated tyrosine. Not species specific.0.7μg/ml was sufficient for detection of 5 μg SIN-1 treated BSA by Western Blot.Antibody works paraffin-embedded sections.
Application Details:
1: 100 (IHC), 1: 1400 (WB), The exact and optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein G purified, in PBS. Contains 50 % glycerol and 0.09% sodium azide.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gow et al. (2004).Biological significance of nitric oxide-mediated protein modifications. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 287(2): L262-8.Antibody used in immunohistochemistry:Pfister et al. (2002). Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine in listeric encephalitis: a cross-species study in ruminants. Vet Pathol. 39: 190-199.Girault et al. (2001).Immunodetection of 3-nitrotyrosine in the liver of zymosan-treated rats with a new monoclonal antibody: comparison to analysis by HPLC. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 31 (11): 1375-1387.
Special application note:
1 mg/ml of Protein G purified IgG2A in PBS pH 7,4, 0,09 % sodium azide, 50 % glycerol
Oxidative derivate of guanosine is called 8-Hydroxyguanosine (8OHdG) and is used as a popular biomarker of oxidative stress.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Recognizes markers of oxidative damage to DNA (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, 8-hydroxyguanine and 8-hydroxyguanosine)
Immunogen:
8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and – casein conjugates
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAP), Immunohistochemistry on frozen tissue and paraffin-embedded (IHC-Fr-P)
Protocol for immunostaining using this antibody can be found here.
Application Details:
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG fraction. Protein G purified.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Poborilova et al. (2015). DNA hypomethylation concomitant with the overproduction of ROS induced by naphthoquinone juglone on tobacco BY-2 suspension cells. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Volume 113, May 2015, Pages 28–39.Haigh and Drew (2015). Cavitation during the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) method - The trigger for de novo prion generation? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Apr 17. pii: S0006-291X(15)00726-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.048.
Special application note:
Protein G purified IgG2B in PBS, pH 7,4 with 0,09 % sodium azide and 50 % glycerol at concentration 0,65 mg/ml
Oxidative derivate of guanosine is called 8-Hydroxyguanosine (8OHdG) and is used as a popular biomarker of oxidative stress.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Recognizes markers of oxidative damage to DNA (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, 8-hydroxyguanine and 8-hydroxyguanosine)
Immunogen:
8-hydroxy-guanosine-BSA and – casein conjugates
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunoaffinity chromatography (IAP), Immunohistochemistry on frozen tissue and paraffin-embedded (IHC-Fr-P)
Protocol for immunostaining using this antibody can be found here.
Application Details:
The optimal working dilution should be determined by the investigator
Conjugation:
IgG2A
Isotype:
IgG2A
Purity:
Total IgG fraction. Protein G purified.
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Poborilova et al. (2015). DNA hypomethylation concomitant with the overproduction of ROS induced by naphthoquinone juglone on tobacco BY-2 suspension cells. Environmental and Experimental Botany, Volume 113, May 2015, Pages 28–39.Haigh and Drew (2015). Cavitation during the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) method - The trigger for de novo prion generation? Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Apr 17. pii: S0006-291X(15)00726-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.048.
Special application note:
Protein G purified IgG2B in PBS, pH 7,4 with 0,09 % sodium azide and 50 % glycerol at concentration 0,65 mg/ml
Tic40 is a component of the inner envelope membrane import complex (TIC) of plant chloroplasts. Tic40 has been proposed to function as a co-chaperone in the stromal chaperone complex that facilitates protein translocation across the inner membrane. Tic40 can be used as a cellular [compartment marker] for chloroplast inner envelope membrane.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Kelch repeat-containing protein (KrP)/Galactose oxidase is a protein associated with iron acquisition and metal homeostasis which is a marker for iron defficiency due to the fact that the transcript levels are stably regulated under iron defficiency conditions. Protein can be a target of of bHLH39, bHLH100 and bHLH101 transcription factors. The gene localized at locus At3g07720 is a supposed ancestor of NSP (nitrile-specifier proteins), NSP1, NSP2, and NSP5, which unlike its descendants does not show nitrile-specifier activity.Alternative names: NSL1, NSP-like1, nitrile-specifier protein-like 1
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
This antibody will also bind to recombinant KrP (range 10 ng - 1 g)
Application Details:
1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
35,7 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
KrP (NSL1) and NSP5 (nitrile-specifier protein 5) share 53% of amino acid sequence, thus the antibody might also recognize NSP5 from different plant species
ATG8 (Autophagy-related protein 8) is involved in degradation and recycling of intracellular components in a process of autophagy. ATG8 is a molecular autophagy marker in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (P rez-P rez et al. 2010, Plant Physiol. 152: 1874-88).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
For Arabidopsis thaliana the signal obtained using ATG8 antibodies is cleaner in case of roots compare to leaf material. For best results please follow extraction protocol described in lvarez et al. (2012). ATG8 signal corresponds to the two bands of 17 kDa.Preparation of a cell extract from Arabidopsis thaliana:A. Plants were first subjected to autophagy activating conditions: nutrient (nitrogen or carbon) limitation or oxidative stress in order to activate this degradative process.B. Total protein extracts can be obtained as described by lvarez. Leaves are grinded in liquid nitrogen with a minimal volume of extraction buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl pH 8, 400 mM sucrose, 1 mM EDTA, 0.1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 10 mg/ml sodium deoxycholate, 10 g/ml of leupeptin, 10 g/ml of pepstatin A, 4% (v/v) protease inhibitor cocktail from Roche).C. Cell debris is removed by centrifuging at 500 g for 10 min at 4 C.Important note:It is recommendable to use bigger gels in order to get a better resolution of ATG8 bands. Midi-protean gels are better than mini-gels. There are 9 ATG8 isoforms and this antibody will likely recognizes all of them.For immunolocalization protocol, please inquire.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (IL), 1 : 1000-1 : 2000 (WB)
Purity:
Serum
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
15,2 | 15 kDa
Not reactive in:
Cuscuta chinensis
Selected references:
Sun et al. (2022) Genome of Paspalum vaginatum and the role of trehalose mediated autophagy in increasing maize biomass. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):7731. Published 2022 Dec 13. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35507-8Cao et al. (2022) Autophagic pathway contributes to low-nitrogen tolerance by optimizing nitrogen uptake and utilization in tomato. Hortic Res. 2022 Mar 23;9:uhac068. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhac068. PMID: 35669705; PMCID: PMC9164271.Samperna et al (2022). Cyclopaldic Acid, the Main Phytotoxic Metabolite of Diplodia cupressi, Induces Programmed Cell Death and Autophagy in Arabidopsis thaliana. Toxins (Basel). 2022 Jul 11;14(7):474. doi: 10.3390/toxins14070474. PMID: 35878212; PMCID: PMC9325063.Zharova et al. (2022) Role of Autophagy in Haematococcus lacustris Cell Growth under Salinity. Plants. 2022; 11(2):197. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11020197 (immunofluorescence)Mishra et al. (2021) Interplay between abiotic (drought) and biotic (virus) stresses in tomato plants. Mol Plant Pathol. 2021 Dec 30. doi: 10.1111/mpp.13172. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34970822.
Special application note:
This product can be sold containing ProClin if requested.This antibody is recognizing 1 ng of recombinant CrATG8. Antigen used to elicit this antibody is conserved from 70-80 % in following ATG protein from Arabidopsis thaliana: ATG8a UniProt: Q8LEM4 ATG8B UniProt: Q9XEB5 ATG8c UniProt: Q8S927 ATG8d UniProt: Q9SL04, ATG8e UniProt: Q8S926 ATG8f UniProt: Q8VYK7 and conserved below 70 % in: ATG8g UniProt: Q9LZZ9 ATG8h Uniprot: Q8S92This antibody does not recognize all isoforms into the same degree.
8-hydroxy-2-deoxy Guanosine (8-OHdG) is produced by the oxidative damage of DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and serves as an established marker of oxidative stress. 1-4 Hydroxylation of guanosine occurs in response to both normal metabolic processes and a variety of environmental factors (i.e., anything that increases reactive oxygen and nitrogen species). Increased levels of 8-OHdG are associated with the aging process as well as with a number of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes, and hypertension.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at 4°C. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
8-OHdG in cell culture, plasma, urine or other samples
Chromatin is the arrangement of DNA and proteins in which chromosomes are formed. Correspondingly, chromatin is formed from nucleosomes, which are comprised of a set of four histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, H4) wrapped with DNA. Chromatin is a very dynamic structure in which numerous post-translational modifications work together to activate or repress the availability of DNA to be copied, transcribed, or repaired. These marks decide which DNA will be open and commonly active (euchromatin) or tightly wound to prevent access and activation (heterochromatin). Common histone modifications include methylation of lysine and arginine, acetylation of lysine, phosphorylation of threonine and serine, and sumoylation, biotinylation, and ubiquitylation of lysine. Phosphorylation of threonine 3 (H3T3p) is a known mitotic marker and modified by the Haspin/Thr3 enzyme, while acetylation of lysine 4 (H3K4ac) on histone 3 is associated with transcriptional activation by Esa1. Alternative names: H3.3B, H3 histone, family 3A, H3.3AH3F3H3F3B, histone H3.3, MGC87782, MGC87783, H3pT3/K4ac .
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Caenorhabditis elegans, Human
Expected Species:
Chicken, Drosophila melanogaster, Mouse, Plant, Rat, Xenopus sp.
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic acetylated/phosphorylated peptide surrounding Lysine 4 and Threonine 3 of human Histone H3
Applications:
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Dot blot (Dot), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
PARP (EC=2.4.2.30) is a protein involved in the base excision repair pathway (BER) and is catalyzing the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of a limited number of acceptor proteins involved in chromatin architecture and in DNA metabolism. PARP is a marker of a single-strand breaks (SSBs), Rybaczek and Kowalewicz-Kulbat (2013).Alternative names: ADPRT 2, NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 2, Poly[ADP-ribose] synthetase 2.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
GAPDH is a protein that has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase functions, therefore it plays an important role in both glycolysis and nuclear functions.It is expressed at high levels in almost all tissues and cell lines making it ideal for use as a loading control marker in immunoblots.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Human
Expected Species:
Xenopus laevis
Immunogen:
Allantoic fluid of 10 days old embryonated eggs inoculated with influenza A virus. UniProt: Human: P04406
FBPase1 (Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1, chloroplastic (chloroplastic marker in photosynthetic tissues) involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis. Alternative names: D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase, HCEF1 (High Cyclic Electron Flow 1).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Abrus precatorius, Actinidia chinensis, Arabis nemorensis, Beta vulgaris, Brassica napus, Capsella rubella, Cephalotus follicularis, Eucalyptus grandis, Gossypium tomentosum, Hibiscus syriacus, Manihot esculenta, Morella rubra, Mucuna pruriens, Nelumbo nucifera, Parasponia andersonii, Populus sp., Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica, Salvia splendens, Syzygium oleaosum, Vitis vinifera Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Penzler et al. (2022) Commonalities and specialties in photosynthetic functions of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 variants in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2022;190(3):1866-1882. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiac362Wang et al. (2022), Arabidopsis Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes UBC4, UBC5, and UBC6 Have Major Functions in Sugar Metabolism and Leaf Senescence, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(19), 11143; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911143Lim et al (2022). Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening. Nat Commun. 2022 Feb 3;13(1):652. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28263-2. PMID: 35115512; PMCID: PMC8814037.
This product is intended for use in precipitating and non-precipitating antibody-binding assays; to prepare an insoluble immuno-affinity adsorbent and for labelling with a marker of chosed by the customer.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at 4°C(short time) or -20 °C (log term); once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Aspergillus niger
Immunogen:
Purified Glucose oxidase of Aspergillus niger, UniProt: P13006
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
Fluorescent proteins, like EBFP, can be used as protein "tags" to study the subcellular localization of proteins and/or their translocation upon stimulation and/or as markers for transfections in transient and stable expression systems.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at 2-8 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
BFP, GFP, YFP
Immunogen:
Recombinant EBFP (NCBI accession number AX_766758 REGION: 1-717, expression vector pGEX-1N), expressed in E.coli.
Immunoglobulin Protein A purified in a 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate buffer, with 2 mg of BSA.
Reconstitution:
Recommended antibody concentration: 0.5 mg/ml (when dissolved at 0.5 mg/ml, the BSA concentration will be 1%). Recommended solvent; 100 mM PBS or Tris-HCl, pH 7.0 •Additional sodium azide ( up to 0.05%) is recommended for long term storage. •For a 0.5 mg/ml antibody concentration in 1% BSA, dissolve in 200 μl buffer.
Fluorescent proteins, like BFP, can be used as protein "tags" to study the subcellular localization of proteins and/or their translocation upon stimulation and/or as markers for transfections in transient and stable expression systems.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at 2-8 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
BFP
Immunogen:
Recombinant EBFP (NCBI accession number AX_766758 REGION: 1-717, expression vector pGEX-1N), expressed in E.coli.
Immunoglobulin Protein A purified in a 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate buffer, with 2 mg of BSA.
Reconstitution:
Recommended antibody concentration: 0.5 mg/ml (when dissolved at 0.5 mg/ml, the BSA concentration will be 1%). Recommended solvent; 100 mM PBS or Tris-HCl, pH 7.0 •Additional sodium azide ( up to 0.05%) is recommended for long term storage. •For a 0.5 mg/ml antibody concentration in 1% BSA, dissolve in 200 μl buffer.
Beta-galactosidase is an exoglycosidase which hydrolyzes the β-glycosidic bond formed between agalactose and its organic moiety. It may also cleave fucosides and arabinosides but with much lower efficiency. It is an essential enzyme in the human body. Deficiencies in the protein can result ingalactosialidosis or Morquio B syndrome. In E. coli , the gene of β-galactosidase, the lacZ gene, is present as part of the inducible system lac operon which is activated in the presence of lactose when glucose level is low. It is commonly used in molecular biology as a reporter marker to monitor gene expression. It also exhibits a phenomenon called α-complementation which forms the basis for the blue/white screening of recombinant clones. This enzyme can be split in two peptides, LacZα and LacZΩ, neither of which is active by itself but when both are present together, spontaneously reassemble into a functional enzyme. This property is exploited in many cloning vectors where the presence of the lacZα gene in a plasmid can complement in trans another mutant gene encoding the LacZΩ in specific laboratory strains of E. coli . However, when DNA fragments are inserted in the vector, the production of LacZα is disrupted, the cells therefore show no β-galactosidase activity. The presence or absence of an active β-galactosidase may be detected by X-gal, which produces a characteristic blue dye when cleaved by β-galactosidase, thereby providing an easy means of distinguishing the presence or absence of cloned product in a plasmid. E. coli β-Galactosidase consists of 1,024 amino acids with molecular mass of 116 kDa and functional form is a homotetramer.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C, Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube. , Do not store this antibody below -20 °C
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Beta galactosidase (E.coli) and beta galactosidase tagged proteins
Immunogen:
Full length Beta galactosidase from E.coli UniProt: B7UJI9
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western blot (WB)
Phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (BAR) is an enzyme is an effector of phosphinothricin tripeptide (PTT or bialaphos) resistance, herbicide resitance gene. BAR (BASTA) gene is used as a selectable marker for genetic transformation of plants.Alternative names: PPT N-acetyltransferase, Phosphinothricin-resistance protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
BAR (BASTA)
Expected Species:
Streptomyces viridochromogenesSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from position 170-183 of Phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (BAR or BASTA), UniProt: P16426
BAR (BASTA) gene is a selectable marker of plant genetic transformation, Nada (2016). Novel recombinant binary vectors harboring Basta (bar) gene as a plant selectable marker for genetic transformation of plants. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2016 Apr; 22(2): 241–251.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 - 1: 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Antigen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l, of sterile or deionized water.
Molecular Weight:
20.6 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
To be added when available, antibody available in May 2023.
Phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (BAR) is an enzyme is an effector of phosphinothricin tripeptide (PTT or bialaphos) resistance, herbicide resitance gene. BAR (BASTA) gene is used as a selectable marker for genetic transformation of plants.Alternative names: PPT N-acetyltransferase, Phosphinothricin-resistance protein.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
BAR (BASTA)
Expected Species:
Streptomyces viridochromogenesSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated peptide derived from position 36-50 of Phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (BAR or BASTA), UniProt: P16426
BAR (BASTA) gene is a selectable marker of plant genetic transformation, Nada (2016). Novel recombinant binary vectors harboring Basta (bar) gene as a plant selectable marker for genetic transformation of plants. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2016 Apr; 22(2): 241–251.
Application Details:
1 : 1000 (WB)
Purity:
Antigen affinity purified serum, in PBS pH 7.4
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l, of sterile or deionized water.
Molecular Weight:
20.6 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
To be added when available, antibody available in May 2023.
Nitrotyrosine can be detected in proteins from a variety of tissues, usually in association with pathological conditions. Reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide produces peroxynitrite, which can undergo heterolytic cleavage into nitronium and hydroxyl ions. Nitration of tyrosine residues by nitronium ion forms nitrotyrosine groups in the respective proteins. Nitrotyrosine is thus a marker for inflammation-associated tissue damage.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid at 1 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at 2-8°C. Do not freeze. Do not use after expiration date stamped on the label. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Mouse
Species Reactivity:
Nitrotyrosine ,Nitrotyrosine
Immunogen:
NO2-Tyr-CH2-Thyroglobulin
Applications:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) paraffin, Iimmunohistochemistry (IHC) frozen sections, Western blot (WB)
The plant cell wall surrounds the plant cell as a complex network of polysaccharides classed as: cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectic polysaccharides and glycoproteins. Anchored to or embedded into plant cell wall are other polymers, like: lignin, suberin or cutin. This antibody, directed to branched galactan, is now a cell wall marker that can facilitate the study of vascular development across a range of different angiosperms.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Monoclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C. Make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from any material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Torode, O Neill, Marcus et al. (2018) Branched Pectic Galactan in Phloem-Sieve-Element Cell Walls: Implications for Cell Mechanics. Plant Physiol. 2018;176(2):1547-1558. doi:10.1104/pp.17.01568
Special application note:
Contains 0.05% sodium azide
Research area:
Arabidopsis thaliana antibodies
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