Glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) is an enzyme involved in synthesis of glutamate from glutamine and alpha-ketoglutarate. GOGAT has two forms in plants: ferredoxin-dependent GOGAT (Fd-GOGAT) and NADH-dependent GOGAT (NADH-GOGAT). 95% of GOGAT found in plants is the Fd-GOGAT type. Fd-GOGAT is encoded by two genes, glu1 and glu2 in Arabidopsis. Fd-GOGAT (both forms) is highly conserved among plants, red algae, and cyanobacteria. Ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase, chloroplastic (Fd-GOGAT) is involved in glutamate biosynthesis in leaf. This protein required for the reassimilation of ammonium ions generated during photorespiration. Gene name is GlsF.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ariga and Hase (2014). Multiple complexes of nitrogen assimilatory enzymes in spinach chloroplasts: possible mechanisms for the regulation of enzyme function. PLoS One. Oct 1;9(10):e108965. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108965.Sakaibara et al. (1991). Molecular cloning and characterization of complementary DNA encoding for ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase in maize leaf. J Biol Chem. Feb 5;266(4):2028-35.
NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (GltBD) is involved in glutamate biosynthesis and consists of large subunit (GltB, 168 kDa) and small subunit (GltD, 54 kDa). It is required for non-photorespiratory ammonium assimilation.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 4 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803
Expected Species:
cyanobacteria Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant cyanobacterium, Leptolyngbya boryana (Plectonema boryanum) , glutamate synthase, UniProt: Q51583 (gltB, large subunit L.boryanum), Q51584 (gltD, small subunit L.boryanum)
Glutamine synthetase plays a role in the flow of nitrogen into nitrogenous organic compounds. There are five root types of GS isoproteis (GS1-1~ GS1-5) and one chloroplastic GS isoprotein (GS2/GLN2) are known. The sequence identity between GS1-1 and GS2 is 65%.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Spinacia oleracea, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Brachypodium distachyon, Cucurbita moschata, Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, Oryza sativa, Panicum hallii, Pontederia crassipes, Populus tremula x Populus alba, Prunus persica, Raphanus sativus, Saccharum officinarum, Setaria italica, Sorghum bicolor, Triticum aestivumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant Zea mays GS-1 (Glutamine synthetase, root isozyme 1) UniProt: P38559
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Application Details:
assay dependent (ELISA), 1: 1000 - 1: 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
39 kDa | 43 kDa (chloroplast isoform)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Kimata-Ariga and Hase (2014). Multiple complexes of nitrogen assimilatory enzymes in spinach chloroplasts: possible mechanisms for the regulation of enzyme function. PLoS One . 2014 Oct 1;9(10):e108965. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108965. Sakaibara et al. (1996). Molecular identification and characterization of cytosolic isoforms of glutamine synthetase in maize roots. J Biol Chem. 1996 Nov 22;271(47):29561-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.47.29561.
Special application note:
This antibody reactis with all glutamine synthetase isotypes from leaf and root
ASN (Glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase) is essential for nitrogen assimilation, distribution and remobilization within the plant via the phloem. ASN2 is expressed in leaf and ASN1 is expressed in floral organs. The amino acid sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana ASN1 and ASN2 are 76% identical. The amino acid sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays ASN2 are 73.6% identical.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Brassica rapa, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Punica granatumSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Purified full length, tag cleaved, recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana ASN2, UniProt: Q9LV77 , TAIR: AT5G65010
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB)
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
65 | 65 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Gaufichon et al. (2017). ASN1-encoded asparagine synthetase in floral organs contributes to nitrogen filling in Arabidopsis seeds. Plant J. 2017 Aug;91(3):371-393. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13567.Gaufichon et al. (2013). Arabidopsis thaliana ASN2 encoding asparagine synthetase is involved in the control of nitrogen assimilation and export during vegetative growth. Plant Cell Environ. 2013 Feb;36(2):328-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02576.x.
Special application note:
This antibody reacts with both isoforms: ASN1 and ASN2
Aleu protein may play a role in proteolysis leading to mobilization of nitrogen during senescence and starvation. Catalytic activity : Hydrolysis of proteins, acting as an aminopeptidase (notably, cleaving Arg-|-Xaa bonds) as well as an endopeptidase. Cellular localisation: vacuole. Alternative names: Senescence-associated gene product 2
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid at 2 mg/ml.
Storage Temp:
Store at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica oleracea, Camelina sativa, Capsella rubella, Eutrema salsugineum, Raphanus sativus Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Recombinant, His6-tagged, ALEU protein from Arabidopsis thaliana, UniProt: Q8H166, TAIR: At5g60360
Total IgG. Protein A purified in PBS, 50% glycerol. Filter sterilized.
Molecular Weight:
38,9 | 24 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Takagi et al. et al. (2013). MAIGO5 functions in protein export from Golgi-associated endoplasmic reticulum exit sites in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2013 Nov;25(11):4658-75. doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.118158. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)Ueda et al. (2006). AtVAM3 is required for normal specification of idioblasts, myrosin cells. Plant Cell Physiol. 2006 Jan;47(1):164-75. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pci232. (Western blot, Arabidopsis thaliana)
NodGS (Nodulin/glutamate-ammonia ligase-like protein) shares homology with nodulins and self-assembles into oligomers which are present in response to flagellin treatment. It contains a C-terminal domain of a prokaryotic glutamine synthetase type I. Protein is mainly localized to cytoplasm and is present in a oligomeric form of ca. 700 kDa.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Liquid
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Medicago truncatula, Theobroma cacao Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a C-terminal of Arabidopsis thaliana NodGS, UniProt: Q8W473 , TAIR: AT3G53180
Applications:
Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4. with glycerol at 50 %.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
94 | 90 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Doskocilova et al. (2011). A nodulin/glutamine synthetase-like fusion protein is implicated in the regulation of root morphogenesis and in signalling triggered by flagellin. Planta 234, 459–476. doi: 10.1007/s00425-011-1419-7
NodGS (Nodulin/glutamate-ammonia ligase-like protein) shares homology with nodulins and self-assembles into oligomers which are present in response to flagellin treatment. It contains a C-terminal domain of a prokaryotic glutamine synthetase type I. Protein is mainly localized to cytoplasm and is present in a oligomeric form of ca. 700 kDa.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Medicago truncatula, Theobroma cacao Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a C-terminal of Arabidopsis thaliana NodGS, UniProt: Q8W473 , TAIR: AT3G53180
Applications:
Immunoprecipitation (IP), Immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Doskocilova et al. (2011). A nodulin/glutamine synthetase-like fusion protein is implicated in the regulation of root morphogenesis and in signalling triggered by flagellin. Planta 234, 459–476. doi: 10.1007/s00425-011-1419-7
NRT2.1 is a high affinity nitrate transporter which is up-regulated by nitrate. Functions as a repressor of lateral root initiation independently of nitrate uptake. Synonymes: Protein ACH1, Protein LATERAL ROOT INITIATION 1, ACH1, ATNRT2.1, ATNRT2:1,, LIN1, NITRATE TRANSPORTER 2, NITRATE TRANSPORTER 2.1, NITRATE TRANSPORTER 2:1, NRT2, NRT2.1, NRT2:1, NRT2;1AT
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, Brassuca rapa, Ricinus communisSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Microsomal fraction is recommended to be used as it will have higher amount of NRT2,1 protein, If a total protein extract is used SDS should be applied from the beginning in extraction buffer as well as protease inhibitor coctail
Application Details:
1 : 5000 (WB)
Purity:
Immunogen affinity purified serum in PBS pH 7.4.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 50 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
57,7 | 45 kDa
Not reactive in:
Alexandrium pacificum, Solanum tuberosum
Selected references:
Zou et al. (2019). Phosphorylation at Ser28 stabilizes the Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT2.1 in response to nitrate limitation. J Integr Plant Biol. 2019 Jul 24. doi: 10.1111/jipb.12858.
NRT1.1 (nitrate transporter 1.1) is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter which acts also as a nitrate sensor. High-affinity nitrate transporter when phosphorylated and low-affinity transported when dephosphorylated. Low nitrogen concentration stimulates phosphorylation. Expressed in lateral roots. Alternative names: AtNRT1, Nitrate/chlorate transporter, protein CHLORINA 1, AtNPF6.3.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Expected Species:
Brassica napusSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Medici et al. (2015). AtNIGT1/HRS1 integrates nitrate and phosphate signals at the Arabidopsis root tip. Nat Commun. 2015 Feb 27;6:6274. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7274
NtcA acts as a transcriptional activator of genes subjected to nitrogen control.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Synechocystis sp. PCC6803
Expected Species:
Anabaena sp., Gleobacter sp., marine Synechococcus strains, Trichodesmium sp. Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from known cyanobacterial NtcA protein sequences including UniProt: P33779
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Ge at al. (2017). Translating Divergent Environmental Stresses into a Common Proteome Response through the Histidine Kinase 33 (Hik33) in a Model Cyanobacterium. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2017 Jul;16(7):1258-1274. doi: 10.1074/mcp.M116.068080.
Urease (EC=3.5.1.5) is an enzyme involved in nitrogen metabolism. It is catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Canavalia ensiformis
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, Ricinus communis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
urease isolated and purified from Canavalia ensiformis (common jack-beans)
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Western blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Biotin/IgG protein molar ration is approximately 6,2, No foreign proteins are added
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 30 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Molecular Weight:
91 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Antibody is labelled with biotin using N-hydroxysuccinimidobiotin, Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
Urease (EC=3.5.1.5) is an enzyme involved in nitrogen metabolism. It is catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into carbon dioxide and ammonia.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Canavalia ensiformis
Expected Species:
Arabidopsis thaliana, Glycine max, Ricinus communis Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
urease isolated and purified from Canavalia ensiformis (common jack-beans)
Applications:
ELISA (ELISA), Western blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
The IgG (7S) fraction is prepared from the antiserum by ammonium sulphate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography
Application Details:
1 : 1000-1 : 30 000 (ELISA), (IF), (IHC), (WB)
Purity:
Purified IgG in PBS.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 1 ml of sterile destilled water
Molecular Weight:
91 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
Antibody potency and purity has been evaluated by immunoelectrophoresis, single radial immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony), ELISA,immunoblotting and enzyme inhibition
Glutamine synthetase (GlnA) is the key enzyme in the incorporation of mineral nitrogen into glutamine.This product is a recombinant GlnA protein standard, source Synechocystis strain PCC 6803.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Concentration: after adding 225 l of milliQ water final concentration of the standard is 0.20 pmol/ lProtein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2μg of chlorophyll will give a GlnA signal in this range.Positive control: a 2μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 225 l of sterile water
Molecular Weight:
in most gel systems GlnA migrates around 53 kDa
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Special application note:
The GlnA protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-GlnA antibodies to quantitate GlnA from a wide range of species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved amino acid sequences in the GlnA protein.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Assimilatory nitrate reductase (NR), (EC.1.6.6.1) catalyses the reduction of nitrate to nitrite in the cytoplasm. Plants contain 2 forms of NR: NADH-NR (most common form in plants and algae, predominantly found in green tissues) and NAD(P)H-NR (uses NADH or NADPH as the electron donor, constitutively expressed in plants at a low level). NADH-NR is a homodimer of two identical subunits (100-115 kDa each, hold together by a Mo-cofactor) each of them coded by up to three genes (NR1-3, NIA1-NIA3).
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from conserved domain in NADH-NR protein sequences including A.thaliana NR1 P11832, At1g77760 and NR2 P11035, At1g37130
In Chlamydmonas reinhardtii anti-NR antibody is also reacting with L-Aminoacid Oxidase (a nitrogen scavenging enzyme induced during nitrogen starvation).Using this antibody genome editing in Chlorella vulgaris UTEX395 by CRISPR-Cas9 system has been demonstrated as described in Kim et al. (2021)Chemiluminescent detection is advised for NR detection using this antibody.
Costa-Broseta et al. (2021). Post-Translational Modifications of Nitrate Reductases Autoregulates Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 7;22(2):E549. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020549. PMID: 33430433.Kim et al. (2021). Establishment of a Genome Editing Tool Using CRISPR-Cas9 in Chlorella vulgaris UTEX395. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 6;22(2):E480. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020480. PMID: 33418923.Prinsi et al. (2021). Biochemical and Proteomic Changes in the Roots of M4 Grapevine Rootstock in Response to Nitrate Availability. Plants 10, no. 4: 792. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10040792Maresca et al. (2021) Biological responses to heavy metal stress in the moss Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Jan 1;229:113078. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113078. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID: 34929502.Zhang et al. (2020). Hydrogen sulfide and rhizobia synergistically regulate nitrogen (N) assimilation and remobilization during N deficiency-induced senescence in soybean. Plant Cell Environ. 2020 Feb 3. doi: 10.1111/pce.13736.
Glutamine synthetase (GLN or GS) is one of the key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism of plants. It catalyses the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. There are two general classes of glutamine synthetase in plants: GLN1, a cytosolic form and GLN2, a chloroplastic form. GLN2 is encoded by a single gene and is highly abundant in mesophyll cells of leaves for the assimilation of ammonia produced from photorespiration and the reduction of nitrate in the chloroplasts. GLN2 is a target for thioredoxin.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Brassica napus, Diplotaxis tenuifolia,Eruca versicaria, Glycine max, Hordeum vulgare, Medicago truncatula, Pinus sylvestris, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physcomitrium patens, Populus sp., Triticum aestivum, Zea maysSpecies of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide which is a part of part of the glutamine synthetase/guanido kinase superfamily catalytic region chosen from various available sequences, including Arabidopsis thaliana GLN2, UniProt: Q43127, TAIR: AT5G35630
Hertle et al. (2021). Horizontal genome transfer by cell-to-cell travel of whole organelles. Science Advances. Volume 7. 01 Jan 2021 : eabd8215 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd8215Ancin et al. (2021) Overexpression of thioredoxin m in chloroplasts alters carbon and nitrogen partitioning in tobacco. J Exp Bot. 2021 Jun 22;72(13):4949-4964. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab193. PMID: 33963398; PMCID: PMC8219043.Chen et al. (2018). TIC236 links the outer and inner membrane translocons of the chloroplast. Nature. 2018 Dec;564(7734):125-129. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0713-y.Tamburino et al. (2017). Chloroplast proteome response to drought stress and recovery in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). BMC Plant Biol. 2017 Feb 10;17(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12870-017-0971-0.Dixit (2015). Sulfur alleviates arsenic toxicity by reducing its accumulation and modulating proteome, amino acids and thiol metabolism in rice leaves. Sci Rep. 2015 Nov 10;5:16205. doi: 10.1038/srep16205.
Special application note:
This product can be sold contacining proclin if requested
Glutamine synthetase (GLN or GS) is one of the key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism of plants. It catalyses the synthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. There are two general classes of glutamine synthetase in plants: GLN1, a cytosolic form and GLN2, a chloroplastic form. GLN1 is highly abundant in the vascular elements of roots nodules, flowers and fruits, functioning in the assimilation of ammonium and the biosynthesis of glutamine for nitrogen transport. GLN2 is encoded by a single gene and is highly abundant in leaf mesophyll chloroplasts. Here GLN functions in the assimilation of ammonia produced from photorespiration and the reduction of nitrate in the chloroplasts
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide derived from a wide range of available sequences including all isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana GLN1-1,1-2,1-3 and 1-4, (At5g37600, At1g66200, At3g17820, At5g16570)
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known
Selected references:
Maresca et al. (2021) Biological responses to heavy metal stress in the moss Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Jan 1;229:113078. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113078. Epub 2021 Dec 17. PMID: 34929502.Silva et al. (2019). Characterization of plant glutamine synthetase S-nitrosation. Nitric Oxide. 2019 Apr 23;88:73-86. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.04.006.Wang et al. (2018). Response of Gracilaria lemaneiformis to nitrogen deprivation. Algal Research Volume 34, September 2018, Pages 82-96.Witzel et al. (2017). Temporal impact of the vascular wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae on tomato root proteome. J Proteomics. 2017 Oct 3;169:215-224. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.04.008.Silva et al. (2015). Possible role of glutamine synthetase of the prokaryotic type (GSI-like) in nitrogen signaling in Medicago truncatula. Volume 240, November 2015, Pages 98–108.
Special application note:
The antibody will recognize both, cytoplasmic and chloroplastic forms of the GS enzyme
SPS (sucrose phosphate synthase, EC 2.4.1.14) is the key enzyme of carbon flux into sucrose fixation in plants. It catalyzes the synthesis of sucrose-phosphate from UDP-glucose and fructose-6-phosphate predominantly in the cytosol of sucrose-source leaf tissue.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Host Animal:
Rabbit
Species Reactivity:
Alfalfa, Solanum lycopersicum, Zea mays
Expected Species:
Oryza sativa, Saccharum officinarum, Triticum aestivum Species of your interest not listed? Contact us
Immunogen:
Synthetic peptide derived from Zea mays SPS protein sequence (P31927).
Padhi et al. (2019). Distinct nodule and leaf functions of two different sucrose phosphate synthases in alfalfa. Planta (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03261-9.Kaur et al. (2019). Comparison of alfalfa plants overexpressing glutamine synthetase with those overexpressing sucrose phosphate synthase demonstrates a signaling mechanism integrating carbon and nitrogen metabolism between the leaves and nodules. Plant Direct, Volume3, Issue1, Jan 2019, e00115.Seger et al. (2014). Impact of concurrent overexpression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS 1 ) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) on growth and development in transgenic tobacco. Planta. 2014 Sep 12.Rounis et al. (2014). Seeded and Parthenocarpic Cherry Tomato Fruits Exhibit Similar Sucrose, Glucose, and Fructose Levels, Despite Dissimilarities in UGPase and SPS Gene Expression and Enzyme Activity. J Plant Growth Regul. DOI 10.1007/s00344-014-9441-1. (immunolocalization)
Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (EC=1.4.1.3) is an enzyme localized in mitochondrial matrix which plays a key role in nitrogen and glutamate metabolism.
Product Type:
Antibody
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please remember to spin the tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from material adhering to the cap or sides of the tube.
Sarasketa et al. (2014). Exploring ammonium tolerance in a large panel of Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions. J Exp Bot. 2014 Sep 9. pii: eru342.Tsilikochrisos et al. (2014). Glutamate dehydrogenase is differentially regulated in seeded and parthenocarpic tomato fruits during crop development and postharvest storage. Scientia Horticulturae 181 (2015) 34–42. (immunolocalization)
Nitrogenase is involved in biological fixation of nitrogen to assimilable ammonia.This product is a recombinant protein standard, source: Nostoc/Anabaena 7120.
Product Type:
Antibody
Format:
Lyophilized
Storage Temp:
Store lyophilized/reconstituted at -20 °C; once reconstituted make aliquots to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Please, remember to spin tubes briefly prior to opening them to avoid any losses that might occur from lyophilized material adhering to the cap or sides of the tubes.
Concentration: after adding 90 l of milliQ water final concentration of this standard is 0.15 pmoles/ul and this reagent is ready to use and load on a gel.Protein standard buffer composition: Glycerol 10%, Tris Base 141 mM, Tris HCl 106 mM, LDS 2%, EDTA 0.51 mM, SERVA Blue G250 0.22 mM, Phenol Red 0.175 mM, pH 8.5, 0.1mg/ml PefaBloc protease inhibitor (Roche), 50mM DTT.This standard is ready-to-load and does not require any additions or heating. It needs to be fully thawed and thoroughly mixed prior to using. Avoid vigorous vortexing, as buffers contain detergent. Following mixing, briefly pulse in a microcentrifuge to collect material from cap.This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel. Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Application Details:
Standard curve: 3 loads are recommended (0.5, 2 and 4 μl).For most applications a sample load of 0.2 μg of chlorophyll will give a NifH signal in this range.Positive control: a 2 μl load per well is optimal for most chemiluminescent detection systems. This standard is stabilized and ready and does not require heating before loading on the gel.Please note that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized. Allow the product several minutes to solubilize after adding water. Mix thoroughly but gently Take extra care to mix thoroughly before each use, as the proteins tend to settle with the more dense layer after freezing.
Reconstitution:
For reconstitution add 90 l of sterile water. Please notice that this product contains 10% glycerol and might appear as liquid but is provided lyophilized.
Molecular Weight:
34 kDa (larger than a native protein due to the addition of His-tag)
Not reactive in:
No confirmed exceptions from predicted reactivity are currently known.
Selected references:
Levitan et a. (2010). Regulation of nitrogen metabolism in the marine diazotroph Trichodesmium IMS101 under varying temperatures and atmospheric CO concentrations. Environ. Microbiol (Epub ahead of print)
Special application note:
The NifH protein standard can be used in combination with global anti-NifH antibodies to quantitate NifH protein from a wide range of cyanobacterial species. Global antibodies are raised against highly conserved 15 amino acid sequence found in NifH proteins.Quantitative western blot: detailed method description, video tutorial
Research area:
Nitrogen Metabolism
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